Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China; Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Department of National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Vaccine. 2018 Apr 19;36(17):2307-2313. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.018. Epub 2018 Mar 19.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can cause chronic HBV infection, which may lead to advanced cirrhosis and liver cancer. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at risk HBV infection as an occupational hazard. Hepatitis B vaccination of HCWs is recommended by WHO, but the status of hepatitis B vaccination among HCWs in China is seldom reported.
We conducted a cross-sectional study in 22 hospitals of 3 developed cities in China. We interviewed managers in infectious diseases and occupational health departments, and at least 40 HCWs per hospital.
We interviewed 929 HCWs; 80.8% were vaccinated against hepatitis B and 96.7% were willing to be vaccinated; 38.2% of HCWs reported having at least one needle stick or sharps injury. Three hospitals provide free hepatitis B vaccination for HCWs; hospitals with a hepatitis B vaccination policy, more HCWs reported being vaccinated (91.7% vs 79.0%, P < 0.001). HCWs in high risk departments (P = 0.011), with more knowledge of hepatitis B vaccine (P < 0.001), and with fewer working years (P = 0.002) were more likely to be vaccinated against HBV. Infectious diseases and occupational health managers had positive attitudes towards hepatitis B vaccination.
Hepatitis B vaccination was well accepted among HCWs. Hospital provision of free vaccine, greater HCW knowledge of HBV, and working in higher-risk settings were associated with being vaccinated. A national policy of offering hepatitis B vaccine to HCWs should be considered in China. Provision of free hepatitis B vaccine for HBsAb negative HCWs may be acceptable. Education about HBV and hepatitis B vaccine may help promote policy implementation.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）可导致慢性 HBV 感染，进而可能导致晚期肝硬化和肝癌。医护人员（HCWs）存在感染 HBV 的职业风险。世界卫生组织（WHO）建议对 HCWs 进行乙型肝炎疫苗接种，但中国 HCWs 乙型肝炎疫苗接种的现状鲜有报道。
我们在中国 3 个发达城市的 22 家医院开展了一项横断面研究。我们采访了传染病和职业健康部门的管理人员，并对每家医院至少 40 名 HCWs 进行了访谈。
我们共采访了 929 名 HCWs；80.8%的人接种了乙型肝炎疫苗，96.7%的人愿意接种；38.2%的 HCWs 报告至少发生过一次针刺伤或锐器伤。3 家医院为 HCWs 提供免费乙型肝炎疫苗接种；有乙型肝炎疫苗接种政策的医院，报告接种疫苗的 HCWs 比例更高（91.7% vs 79.0%，P < 0.001）。高风险科室的 HCWs（P = 0.011）、对乙型肝炎疫苗知识了解更多的 HCWs（P < 0.001）和工作年限较短的 HCWs（P = 0.002）更有可能接种乙型肝炎疫苗。传染病和职业健康管理人员对乙型肝炎疫苗接种持积极态度。
乙型肝炎疫苗接种在 HCWs 中得到了很好的认可。医院提供免费疫苗、HCWs 对 HBV 的了解程度更高以及工作在高风险环境中与接种疫苗有关。中国应考虑为 HCWs 提供国家乙型肝炎疫苗接种政策。为 HBsAb 阴性的 HCWs 提供免费乙型肝炎疫苗可能是可以接受的。对 HBV 和乙型肝炎疫苗的教育可能有助于促进政策的实施。
