Thilagar Sivasankari, Santhanakrishnan Muthukumar, Rao Suresh
Department of Periodontics, Thai Moogambigai Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Periodontics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2018 Jan-Feb;22(1):12-17. doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_287_17.
Protease-activated receptors (PAR-1 and PAR-2) are found to be immensely exhibited in the periodontal tissues. These receptors are involved in the inflammatory and repair processes. Activation of PARs is mainly by the bacterial and endogenous enzymes. The aim of the study was to determine the role of PAR-1 and PAR-2 in initiating periodontal inflammation and to immunolocalize these receptors in the gingival tissues of healthy and chronic periodontitis individuals.
A total of 50 patients were selected for this study, of which 25 were healthy controls and 25 were chronic periodontitis patients. Gingival tissues were excised from the marginal gingiva and interdental papilla under local anesthesia (xylocaine with 2% adrenaline) during crown lengthening procedure or during periodontal therapy depending on the respective groups. Immunohistochemical analyses of PARs were done by staining the samples with hematoxylin and eosin and with primary and secondary antibody for PAR-1 and PAR-2.
The Hematoxylin and Eosin staining showed more inflammatory changes in the periodontitis group compared to healthy gingiva. In chronic periodontitis, PAR-1-positive cells were seen in the basal layer with a weak expression and were showing negative expression in the superficial layer. In consideration of PAR-2, there was a very strong expression up to the superficial layer of the epithelium, compared to PAR-1. On comparing the intensity of staining in the connective tissue of chronic periodontitis sample, there was an increased expression of PAR-2 compared with PAR-1. A low positive expression of PAR-1 and PAR-2 was observed in the epithelium and connective tissue of the healthy tissues.
The results clearly demonstrated the role of PAR-1 and 2 in periodontal inflammation.
蛋白酶激活受体（PAR-1和PAR-2）在牙周组织中大量表达。这些受体参与炎症和修复过程。PARs的激活主要由细菌和内源性酶介导。本研究的目的是确定PAR-1和PAR-2在引发牙周炎症中的作用，并在健康个体和慢性牙周炎患者的牙龈组织中对这些受体进行免疫定位。
本研究共选取50例患者，其中25例为健康对照，25例为慢性牙周炎患者。根据各自分组情况，在牙冠延长术或牙周治疗期间，于局部麻醉（含2%肾上腺素的赛罗卡因）下从边缘龈和牙间乳头切除牙龈组织。通过用苏木精和伊红以及PAR-1和PAR-2的一抗和二抗对样本进行染色，对PARs进行免疫组织化学分析。
苏木精和伊红染色显示，与健康牙龈相比，牙周炎组的炎症变化更多。在慢性牙周炎中，PAR-1阳性细胞见于基底层，表达较弱，表层呈阴性表达。与PAR-1相比，PAR-2在整个上皮表层均有非常强的表达。比较慢性牙周炎样本结缔组织中的染色强度，PAR-2的表达高于PAR-1。在健康组织的上皮和结缔组织中观察到PAR-1和PAR-2的低阳性表达。
结果清楚地证明了PAR-1和2在牙周炎症中的作用。
