Ng Patrick Chow, Long Brit J, Davis William Tyler, Sessions Daniel J, Koyfman Alex
Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio Military Medical Center, 3841 Roger Brooke Dr, Fort Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA.
Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
Intern Emerg Med. 2018 Aug;13(5):827. doi: 10.1007/s11739-018-1833-y.
Toxic alcohols are a group of substances containing a hydroxyl group not meant to be ingested. They are the cause of a significant number of accidental and non-accidental exposures. Toxic alcohol poisoning can be associated with a significant degree of morbidity and mortality if not promptly recognized and treated. This review describes the clinical presentation and an approach to the recognition and management for toxic alcohol poisoning. Toxic alcohols classically refer to a group of alcohols not meant for ingestion. Methanol, ethylene glycol, and isopropyl alcohol are readily available in common hardware and household materials. Toxic alcohols are ingested for a variety of reasons including accidental exposures, intentional inebriation, homicide and suicide. The patient with an altered mental status or concerning history warrants consideration of this potentially deadly ingestion. Treatment considerations include alcohol dehydrogenase blockade and hemodialysis. Toxic alcohol poisoning can be an elusive diagnosis. This review evaluates toxic alcohol poisoning signs and symptoms and an approach to diagnosis and management.
有毒醇类是一组含有羟基且不适合摄入的物质。它们是大量意外和非意外接触的原因。如果不能及时识别和治疗,有毒醇类中毒可能会导致相当程度的发病率和死亡率。本综述描述了有毒醇类中毒的临床表现以及识别和管理方法。传统上,有毒醇类指的是一组不适合摄入的醇类。甲醇、乙二醇和异丙醇在普通五金和家用材料中很容易获得。摄入有毒醇类的原因多种多样,包括意外接触、故意醉酒、他杀和自杀。精神状态改变或有相关病史的患者需要考虑这种潜在致命的摄入情况。治疗考虑包括酒精脱氢酶阻断和血液透析。有毒醇类中毒可能是一种难以捉摸的诊断。本综述评估了有毒醇类中毒的体征和症状以及诊断和管理方法。