Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018 Nov;32(11):1893-1896. doi: 10.1111/jdv.14952. Epub 2018 Apr 17.
Although literature demonstrates a decreased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in individuals with various cancers, including squamous cell cancers (SCC) and basal cell cancers (BCC) comprising non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC), there is a paucity of literature to substantiate an association between malignant melanoma (MM) and AD.
The aim of this study was to determine whether an association exists between MM and AD as well as for NMSC and AD.
A large urban, Midwestern, US, single-centre, medical record (EMR) data repository was searched between January 2001 and December 2015, to identify all patients at age ≥60 and <89 years with a clinic follow-up of at least 1 year and no diagnosis for AD, MM or NMSC at the time of the study entry. Data collected included age, gender, race and duration of follow-up. MM and NMSC were detected by ICD-9 codes and ICD-10 codes. Incident diagnosis of AD was also detected by ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to obtain crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs).
Data for a total of 82 925 patients with known race and gender and were detected. After adjusting for confounding factors (race, gender, age, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease and diabetes), there was a significant decreased risk of subsequent AD in patients with MM (OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.16-0.96; P = 0.042) as well as in patients with BCC (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.08-0.45; P < 0.0001) and for patients with SCC (OR: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01-0.56; P = 0.013).
These findings add to the growing body of evidence for a decreased risk of AD in patients with various cancers and highlight the need for ongoing research to elucidate both neurologic and biologic mechanisms that may underlie this apparent inverse association.
尽管文献表明，患有各种癌症的个体患阿尔茨海默病（AD）的风险降低，包括非黑色素瘤皮肤癌（NMSC）中的鳞状细胞癌（SCC）和基底细胞癌（BCC），但很少有文献证实恶性黑色素瘤（MM）与 AD 之间存在关联。
本研究旨在确定 MM 是否与 AD 以及 NMSC 与 AD 之间存在关联。
在 2001 年 1 月至 2015 年 12 月期间，对美国中西部一个大型城市的单一中心医疗记录（EMR）数据库进行了搜索，以确定所有年龄≥60 岁且<89 岁的患者，这些患者在研究入组时的临床随访时间至少为 1 年，且没有 AD、MM 或 NMSC 的诊断。收集的数据包括年龄、性别、种族和随访时间。MM 和 NMSC 通过 ICD-9 代码和 ICD-10 代码进行检测。AD 的发病诊断也通过 ICD-9 和 ICD-10 代码进行检测。利用逻辑回归分析获得了原始和调整后的比值比（OR）。
共检测到 82925 名已知种族和性别的患者的数据。在调整了混杂因素（种族、性别、年龄、脑血管疾病、外周血管疾病和糖尿病）后，患有 MM（OR：0.39；95%CI：0.16-0.96；P=0.042）、BCC（OR：0.18；95%CI：0.08-0.45；P<0.0001）和 SCC（OR：0.08；95%CI：0.01-0.56；P=0.013）的患者发生 AD 的风险显著降低。
这些发现为患有各种癌症的患者患 AD 的风险降低这一不断增加的证据提供了补充，并强调需要进行持续的研究，以阐明可能导致这种明显相反关联的神经和生物学机制。
