Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Exp Cell Res. 2018 Jun 1;367(1):1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.03.023. Epub 2018 Mar 21.
Breast cancer and prostate cancer are the most common malignant tumors in female and men, respectively. Furthermore, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. It is an emergency to develop a powerful strategy to treat these threatening cancers more effectively, because of low efficacy and high rates of chemotherapy effects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, are key regulators of gene expression via induction of translational repression or mRNA degradation. MiRNA deregulation has been linked to cancer initiation and progression. Silent Inflammation Regulator 2 (SIR2) proteins-sirtuins- are a family of histone deacetylases (HDACs) that catalyze deacetylation of both histone and non- histone lysine residues. SIRT1 can act as an oncogene. It plays a role in tumorigenesis by anti-apoptotic activity and is implicated in diverse cellular process including autophagy, senescence, apoptosis, proliferation, and aging. MicroRNAs and SIRT1 serve as tumor suppressors or tumor promotors depending on the oncogenic pathway specific to particular tumors. MicroRNAs modulate cancer development by targeting SIRT1. In this review, we underlie the specific mechanisms involved in these threatening cancers by microRNAs/SIRT1 pathways.
乳腺癌和前列腺癌分别是女性和男性中最常见的恶性肿瘤。此外，肺癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因。由于化疗效果不佳和高发生率，迫切需要开发一种强有力的策略来更有效地治疗这些威胁生命的癌症。microRNAs（miRNAs）是一类小的非编码 RNA，通过诱导翻译抑制或 mRNA 降解来调节基因表达。miRNA 的失调与癌症的发生和进展有关。沉默炎症调节因子 2（SIR2）蛋白-沉默调节蛋白（sirtuins）是组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDACs）家族，可催化组蛋白和非组蛋白赖氨酸残基的去乙酰化。SIRT1 可以作为癌基因。它通过抗细胞凋亡活性在肿瘤发生中发挥作用，并参与多种细胞过程，包括自噬、衰老、细胞凋亡、增殖和衰老。microRNAs 和 SIRT1 作为肿瘤抑制因子或肿瘤促进因子，取决于特定肿瘤特有的致癌途径。microRNAs 通过靶向 SIRT1 来调节癌症的发展。在这篇综述中，我们阐述了 microRNAs/SIRT1 通路在这些威胁生命的癌症中的具体作用机制。
