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《失去自我》:一位诗人的反讽与一位女儿对痴呆症的反思

"Losing My Self": A Poet's Ironies and a Daughter's Reflections on Dementia.

作者信息

Kaufman Sharon R

出版信息

Perspect Biol Med. 2017;60(4):549-568. doi: 10.1353/pbm.2017.0042.

DOI:10.1353/pbm.2017.0042
PMID:29576563
Abstract

What can we learn about the experience of dementia and about ways of being human when a poet describes her forgetting? My mother, the poet Shirley Kaufman, died in 2016 at the age of 93. She had dementia for many years. By her mid-80s, many of her poems probed the experience of forgetting, including questions about the nature of self, memory, and thought, and the location of the past and the future. Her experience of forgetting revealed in her ninth and last collection, the widely acclaimed Ezekiel's Wheels (2009), serves as my entry point for an exploration of the self as it becomes dislocated in time yet remains attuned to and consciously aware of that dislocation. That dual quality of my mother's experience is the central, ironic tension explored in this essay. An intimate ethnography, this essay connects my mother's late-life poetry with my own experience, both as a daughter who watched her mother's state of mind unfold and as an anthropologist with extensive experience studying aging, late-life identity, illness, and the culture of medicine. Through the insights of my mother's poetic language I show how dementia can expose ironic features of selfhood, communication, and life itself that are worth our discernment. My hope is that my analysis may focus our gaze on the inherent tension in this form of life and teach us something new about identity, memory, and what is shared among us, those with and without the condition we call dementia.

摘要

当一位诗人描述她的遗忘时,我们能从痴呆症的经历以及做人的方式中学到什么呢?我的母亲,诗人雪莉·考夫曼,于2016年去世,享年93岁。她患有痴呆症多年。到她85岁左右时,她的许多诗歌都探讨了遗忘的经历,包括关于自我、记忆和思维的本质,以及过去和未来的所在等问题。她在第九部也是最后一部诗集《以西结之轮》(2009年,广受赞誉)中所展现的遗忘经历,成为了我探索自我的切入点,这个自我在时间中变得错位,但仍能与之协调并自觉意识到这种错位。我母亲经历的这种双重特质,是本文所探讨的核心的、具有讽刺意味的张力。这篇文章是一篇亲密的民族志,它将我母亲晚年的诗歌与我自己的经历联系起来,我既是看着母亲心境变化的女儿,又是在研究衰老、晚年身份认同、疾病和医学文化方面有着丰富经验的人类学家。通过我母亲诗意语言中的见解,我展示了痴呆症如何能揭示自我、交流和生活本身中那些值得我们去洞察的具有讽刺意味的特征。我希望我的分析能让我们将目光聚焦于这种生活形式中固有的张力,并让我们对身份认同、记忆以及我们之间(包括患有和未患有我们所说的痴呆症的人)共有的东西有新的认识。

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引用本文的文献

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Cult Med Psychiatry. 2023 Sep;47(3):701-721. doi: 10.1007/s11013-022-09792-3. Epub 2022 Jun 29.
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Becoming a cancer survivor: An experiment in dialogical health research.成为癌症幸存者:对话式健康研究实验。
Health (London). 2023 Jan;27(1):78-93. doi: 10.1177/13634593211005178. Epub 2021 Mar 22.