Department of Oncology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277599, China.
Department of Gastroenterology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277599, China.
J Natl Med Assoc. 2018 Apr;110(2):143-148. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2016.12.003. Epub 2017 Apr 15.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent cancer with high global incidence and a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. CRC screening is important for early cancer detection and prevention. Most premalignant adenomas can be identified and removed before they become malignant. Colonoscopy plays a vital role in reducing the risk for developing CRC. Although screening programs with colonoscopy have been implemented in many countries and considered beneficial for a number of people, this technique is generally associated with anxiety, embarrassment, pain, and discomfort, resulting in lack of adherence to the recommended screening guidelines. In the US, colonoscopy is mostly performed under sedation, thereby causing amnesia and analgesia. In contrast to sedated colonoscopy, which has been associated with some disadvantages, unsedated colonoscopy exhibits advantages and has been preferred over sedated colonoscopy in numerous cancer centers worldwide. This review enumerates the features of sedated and unsedated colonoscopy with the use of the current relevant evidence-based literature. Unsedated colonoscopy can be a reasonable option for routine and unscheduled CRC screening.
结直肠癌（CRC）是一种常见的癌症，全球发病率高，是全球癌症死亡的主要原因。CRC 筛查对于早期癌症检测和预防很重要。大多数癌前腺瘤在癌变前可以被识别和切除。结肠镜检查在降低 CRC 发病风险方面发挥着重要作用。尽管许多国家已经实施了结肠镜检查筛查计划，并认为对许多人有益，但该技术通常与焦虑、尴尬、疼痛和不适相关，导致人们不遵守推荐的筛查指南。在美国，结肠镜检查大多在镇静下进行，从而导致遗忘和镇痛。与镇静结肠镜检查相关的一些缺点相比，非镇静结肠镜检查具有优势，并在全球许多癌症中心中优于镇静结肠镜检查。这篇综述列举了使用当前相关循证文献的镇静和非镇静结肠镜检查的特点。非镇静结肠镜检查可以作为常规和非计划性 CRC 筛查的合理选择。
