Weiss Eve, Fisher Thiel Megan, Sultana Nahida, Hannan Chloe, Seacrist Thomas
a Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Roberts Pediatric Research Building, Center for Injury Research and Prevention , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2018 Feb 28;19(sup1):S120-S124. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2017.1401220.
From the advent of airbags to electronic stability control, technological advances introduced into automobile design have significantly reduced injury and death from motor vehicle crashes. These advances are especially pertinent among teen drivers, a population whose leading cause of death is motor vehicle crashes. Recently developed advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) have the potential to compensate for skill deficits and reduce overall crash risk. Yet, ADAS is only effective if drivers are willing to use it. Limited research has been conducted on the suitability of ADAS for teen drivers. The goal of this study is to identify teen drivers' perceived need for ADAS, receptiveness to in-vehicle technology, and intervention preferences. The long-term goal is to understand public perceptions and barriers to ADAS use and to help determine how these systems must evolve to meet the needs of the riskiest driving populations.
Three focus groups (N = 24) were conducted with licensed teen drivers aged 16-19 years and 2 focus groups with parents of teen drivers (N = 12). Discussion topics included views on how ADAS might influence driving skills and behaviors; trust in technology; and data privacy. Discussions were transcribed; the team used conventional content analysis and open coding methods to identify 12 coding domains and code transcripts with NVivo 10. Interrater reliability testing showed moderate to high kappa scores.
Overall, participants recognized potential benefits of ADAS, including improved safety and crash reduction. Teens suggested that ADAS is still developing and therefore has potential to malfunction. Many teens reported a greater trust in their own driving ability over vehicle technology. They expressed that novice drivers should learn to drive on non-ADAS-equipped cars and that ADAS should be considered a supplemental aid. Many teens felt that overreliance on ADAS may increase distracted driving or risky behaviors among teens. Parents also expressed skepticism for the technology but felt that it would likely be a useful support for teen drivers after the initial learning phase.
This study elicited important end-user viewpoints by exploring the intersection between advanced automobile safety technology and human perception for the particular use case of teen drivers. For example, despite evidence that teens are the highest risk driving population, teens trust their own driving skills and competence more than in-vehicle technology. This understanding will ultimately advance the safety of teen drivers by identifying barriers to effective ADAS use.
从安全气囊问世到电子稳定控制系统，汽车设计中引入的技术进步显著降低了机动车碰撞导致的伤亡。这些进步在青少年驾驶员中尤为重要，他们的主要死因是机动车碰撞。最近开发的先进驾驶辅助系统（ADAS）有可能弥补技能缺陷并降低总体碰撞风险。然而，只有驾驶员愿意使用，ADAS才有效。关于ADAS对青少年驾驶员适用性的研究有限。本研究的目的是确定青少年驾驶员对ADAS的感知需求、对车载技术的接受程度以及干预偏好。长期目标是了解公众对ADAS使用的看法和障碍，并帮助确定这些系统必须如何发展以满足风险最高的驾驶人群的需求。
对16 - 19岁的持证青少年驾驶员进行了3个焦点小组（N = 24），对青少年驾驶员的父母进行了2个焦点小组（N = 12）。讨论主题包括对ADAS如何影响驾驶技能和行为的看法；对技术的信任；以及数据隐私。讨论内容进行了转录；研究团队使用传统内容分析法和开放编码方法，确定了12个编码领域，并使用NVivo 10对转录本进行编码。评分者间信度测试显示kappa分数为中度到高度。
总体而言，参与者认识到ADAS的潜在好处，包括提高安全性和减少碰撞。青少年表示ADAS仍在发展，因此有可能出现故障。许多青少年表示比起车辆技术，他们更信任自己的驾驶能力。他们表示新手驾驶员应该在没有配备ADAS的汽车上学习驾驶，并且ADAS应该被视为一种辅助工具。许多青少年认为过度依赖ADAS可能会增加青少年分心驾驶或危险行为。父母也对该技术表示怀疑，但认为在初始学习阶段之后，它可能对青少年驾驶员是一种有用的支持。
本研究通过探索先进汽车安全技术与青少年驾驶员这一特定用例中的人类认知之间的交叉点，引出了重要的最终用户观点。例如，尽管有证据表明青少年是风险最高的驾驶人群，但青少年更信任自己的驾驶技能和能力，而不是车载技术。这种理解最终将通过识别有效使用ADAS的障碍来提高青少年驾驶员的安全性。
