Schmid Michael, Steinlein Claus
Cytogenet Genome Res. 2018;154(3):153-180. doi: 10.1159/000487907. Epub 2018 Mar 22.
A detailed cytogenetic study on anurans belonging to the unranked taxon Terraranae revealed the existence of microscopically recognizable XY♂/XX♀ or ZZ♂/ZW♀ sex chromosomes in 11 species. Furthermore, in some species Y-autosome translocations were found, of which 5 could be confirmed. The male individuals carrying the Y-autosome translocations still coexist with the males showing the original karyotypes. The present report gives an overview on the mitotic and meiotic structure, staining and banding properties, functional importance, and similarities and differences of these Y-autosome translocations which are very rare in vertebrates. A mathematical model was constructed that calculates the various probabilities of further chromosome rearrangements in these karyotypes with Y-autosome translocations. The localization of the differential segment containing the hypothetical male sex-determining gene in the Y chromosome is discussed.
一项针对未分级分类群陆栖蛙类无尾两栖动物的详细细胞遗传学研究表明，在11个物种中存在显微镜下可识别的XY♂/XX♀或ZZ♂/ZW♀性染色体。此外，在一些物种中发现了Y染色体与常染色体的易位，其中5种可以得到证实。携带Y染色体与常染色体易位的雄性个体仍与显示原始核型的雄性共存。本报告概述了这些Y染色体与常染色体易位在有丝分裂和减数分裂结构、染色和带型特征、功能重要性以及异同方面的情况，这些在脊椎动物中非常罕见。构建了一个数学模型，用于计算这些具有Y染色体与常染色体易位的核型中进一步染色体重排的各种概率。还讨论了Y染色体上包含假定雄性性别决定基因的差异区段的定位。
