Brooks Robert, Couldridge Vanessa
Am Nat. 1999 Jul;154(1):37-45. doi: 10.1086/303219.
In species where males have several ornaments for mate attraction, each ornament may coevolve with a different female preference. Alternatively, multiple ornaments may be sexually selected for because they stimulate the same, single, female preference. In the latter case, measures of preferences for different ornaments are essentially measures of the same phenotypic character and, thus, will be strongly pleiotropic, whereas no such expectation exists for multiple preferences. We selected directly up and down on two visual ornaments, orange and black coloration, in male guppies (Poecilia reticulata) in order to impose indirect selection on the female preference or preferences for these ornaments. Preferences for the two colors responded in a pattern similar to the response of the ornaments themselves. That female preferences for orange and for black in this guppy population are able to respond to selection more or less independently, suggests that they are probably two different characters in an evolutionary sense. Each of these preferences appears to be genetically correlated with the respective ornament.
在雄性拥有多种用于吸引配偶的装饰物的物种中，每种装饰物可能会与不同的雌性偏好共同进化。或者，多种装饰物可能会受到性选择，因为它们激发相同的单一雌性偏好。在后一种情况下，对不同装饰物的偏好度量本质上是对同一表型特征的度量，因此会具有强烈的多效性，而对于多种偏好则不存在这样的预期。我们直接对雄性孔雀鱼（孔雀花鳉）的两种视觉装饰物——橙色和黑色体色进行了正向和反向选择，以便对雌性对这些装饰物的一种或多种偏好进行间接选择。对这两种颜色的偏好的反应模式与装饰物本身的反应模式相似。在这个孔雀鱼种群中，雌性对橙色和黑色的偏好能够或多或少独立地对选择做出反应，这表明从进化意义上讲它们可能是两个不同的特征。这些偏好中的每一种似乎都与各自的装饰物存在遗传相关性。
