Berninger Mary Lou, O'Hearn Emily, Lomkin Richanne, Newens Ken, Havas Karyn A
National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Veterinary Services, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY (Berninger, O'Hearn, Havas).
District Six, Veterinary Services, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Lakewood, CO (Lomkin).
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2018 Jul;30(4):510-516. doi: 10.1177/1040638718766214. Epub 2018 Mar 29.
Vesicular stomatitis (VS) is a vesicular disease of horses, cattle, and pigs in the Western Hemisphere caused by viruses in the genus Vesiculovirus. Disease manifests as vesicles and erosions on the oral mucosa, teats, prepuce, and coronary band, and is similar in presentation to foot-and-mouth disease. Laboratory confirmation is therefore required. Conventional assays include competitive (c)ELISA and complement fixation (CF). The cELISA provides more accurate herd-level detection of VSV-exposed cattle, but may lack the ability to capture fluctuating antibody levels in individual animals. The CF assay can confirm newly infected animals because of its ability to detect antigen-antibody complexes, thus is considered to be indicative of IgM. We evaluated the immune status of 2 herds affected by VSV in 2014 by testing sera collected in June 2015. Two conventional assays were compared to a novel IgM-IgG ELISA. When sampled in 2015, both herds had detectable VSV-specific antibodies; 18% and 36% of animals tested by cELISA and 2% and 8% of animals tested by CF were positive. The novel IgM-IgG assay exhibited fair agreement (adjusted kappa score of 48) with the conventional assays, and should be evaluated further to assess its ability to replace the 2 separate assays with a single assay system, or for its ability to replace the CF assay as a more sensitive method for defining newly exposed animals.
水疱性口炎（VS）是西半球马、牛和猪的一种水疱性疾病，由水疱病毒属的病毒引起。该病表现为口腔黏膜、乳头、包皮和冠状带出现水疱和糜烂，临床表现与口蹄疫相似，因此需要实验室确诊。传统检测方法包括竞争（c）ELISA和补体结合（CF）试验。cELISA能更准确地检测群体水平上接触VSV的牛，但可能无法捕捉个体动物中波动的抗体水平。CF试验由于能够检测抗原-抗体复合物，因此可以确诊新感染的动物，被认为可指示IgM。我们通过检测2015年6月采集的血清，评估了2014年受VSV影响的两个牛群的免疫状态。将两种传统检测方法与一种新型IgM-IgG ELISA进行了比较。在2015年采样时，两个牛群均检测到VSV特异性抗体；cELISA检测的动物中分别有18%和36%呈阳性，CF检测的动物中分别有2%和8%呈阳性。新型IgM-IgG检测方法与传统检测方法表现出适度一致性（调整后的kappa评分为48），应进一步评估其能否用单一检测系统取代两种单独的检测方法，或能否取代CF试验，作为一种更灵敏的方法来确定新接触病毒的动物。
