Griffith Jacob, Cluff Kim, Eckerman Brandon, Aldrich Jessica, Becker Ryan, Moore-Jansen Peer, Patterson Jeremy
Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA.
Department of Anthropology, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2018 Mar 29;18(4):1022. doi: 10.3390/s18041022.
Elevated intracranial fluid volume can drive intracranial pressure increases, which can potentially result in numerous neurological complications or death. This study's focus was to develop a passive skin patch sensor for the head that would non-invasively measure cranial fluid volume shifts. The sensor consists of a single baseline component configured into a rectangular planar spiral with a self-resonant frequency response when impinged upon by external radio frequency sweeps. Fluid volume changes (10 mL increments) were detected through cranial bone using the sensor on a dry human skull model. Preliminary human tests utilized two sensors to determine feasibility of detecting fluid volume shifts in the complex environment of the human body. The correlation between fluid volume changes and shifts in the first resonance frequency using the dry human skull was classified as a second order polynomial with ² = 0.97. During preliminary and secondary human tests, a ≈24 MHz and an average of ≈45.07 MHz shifts in the principal resonant frequency were measured respectively, corresponding to the induced cephalad bio-fluid shifts. This electromagnetic resonant sensor may provide a non-invasive method to monitor shifts in fluid volume and assist with medical scenarios including stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, concussion, or monitoring intracranial pressure.
颅内液体量升高可导致颅内压升高，这可能会引发多种神经并发症或导致死亡。本研究的重点是开发一种用于头部的无源皮肤贴片传感器，该传感器能够非侵入性地测量颅内容积变化。该传感器由单个基线组件构成，呈矩形平面螺旋状，在受到外部射频扫描时具有自谐振频率响应。在干燥的人类颅骨模型上，使用该传感器通过颅骨检测到了液体量变化（以10毫升递增）。初步人体测试使用了两个传感器来确定在人体复杂环境中检测液体量变化的可行性。使用干燥人类颅骨时，液体量变化与第一共振频率变化之间的相关性被归类为二次多项式，R² = 0.97。在初步和二次人体测试中，分别测量到主共振频率发生了约24兆赫兹和平均约45.07兆赫兹的偏移，这与诱导的头向生物液体偏移相对应。这种电磁共振传感器可能提供一种非侵入性方法来监测液体量变化，并有助于应对包括中风、脑出血、脑震荡或监测颅内压在内的医疗情况。
