Paraskevas Giorgos, Hadjicharalambous Marios
Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.
J Hum Kinet. 2018 Mar 23;61:99-108. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2017-0135. eCollection 2018 Mar.
To identify individual response patterns in selected aerobic fitness variables of regular starters (ST; N = 7) and non-starters (Non-ST; N = 10), top level professional soccer players were tested for maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), velocity at 4 mM of lactate (V4), velocity at maximal oxygen uptake (νVO) and oxygen pulse (O-pulse) in July and December following consecutive periods of fixture congestion. V4 was the only variable that increased significantly in December compared to July (15.1 ± 0.5 vs. 14.6 ± 0.5, p = 0.001). There was an almost certain beneficial large mean team change for V4 (ES = 1.2 (0.67; 1.57), 100/0/0), while beneficial mean team changes were less likely for νVO2max and O-pulse [ES = 0.31 (-0.08; 0.70), 68/30/2 and ES = 0.24 (0.01; 0.49), 64/36/0, respectively] and unclear for VO (ES = 0.02 (-0.31; 0.70), 18/69/13). With the exception of V4 where 10 out of 17 players (7 ST and 3 Non-ST) showed positive changes higher than the biological variability, all other variables were characterized by a substantial proportion of changes lower than the biological variability. The present study demonstrated that aerobic fitness variables that require maximal effort may be characterized by greater variability of the individual response pattern compared to that of submaximal aerobic fitness variables irrespective of the accumulated game time. Submaximal aerobic fitness variables appear to be more informative in the physiological evaluation of top level soccer players and this may be an advantage during exposure to periods of consecutive games.
为了确定常规首发球员（ST；N = 7）和非首发球员（Non-ST；N = 10）在选定的有氧适能变量中的个体反应模式，对顶级职业足球运动员在连续赛程密集期后的7月和12月进行了最大摄氧量（VO2max）、4 mM乳酸时的速度（V4）、最大摄氧量时的速度（νVO）和氧脉搏（O-脉搏）测试。与7月相比，V4是12月唯一显著增加的变量（15.1 ± 0.5对14.6 ± 0.5，p = 0.001）。V4几乎肯定有有益的大的团队平均变化（效应量ES = 1.2（0.67；1.57），100/0/0），而νVO2max和O-脉搏的有益团队平均变化可能性较小[效应量分别为ES = 0.31（-0.08；0.70），68/30/2和ES = 0.24（0.01；0.49），64/36/0]，VO的变化不明确（效应量ES = 0.02（-0.31；0.70），18/69/13）。除V4外，17名球员中有10名（7名ST和3名Non-ST）的变化高于生物学变异性，所有其他变量的特征是相当比例的变化低于生物学变异性。本研究表明，与次最大有氧适能变量相比，需要最大努力的有氧适能变量可能具有更大的个体反应模式变异性，而与累积比赛时间无关。次最大有氧适能变量在顶级足球运动员的生理评估中似乎更具信息性，这可能是在连续比赛期间的一个优势。
