Feng Xue, Fang Sai-Nan, Gao Yu-Xin, Liu Jian-Ping, Chen Wei
Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine， Beijing University of Chinese Medicine， Beijing 100029， China.
Department of Sociology， Acadia University， Wolfville B4P2R6， Canada.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2018 Feb;43(3):417-424. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.2018.0009.
To provide the basis for the future research on the nephrotoxicity of Chinese herbal medicine through systematic and comprehensive summary of all the Chinese herbal medicines which may lead to nephrotoxicity. Foreign resources included PubMed and Cochrane library， and domestic research resources was China Food and Drug Administration(CDFA) Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center database. The databases were searched from establishment to January 1， 2017. There was no limitation on research type. 28 English studies were found， including 97 Chinese herbs or prescriptions with the risk of nephrotoxicity. The following six Chinese herbal medicines with the risk of nephrotoxicity had a large number of studies： aristolochic acid(5 studies)， Tripterygium wilfordii(4 studies)， Erycibe obtusifolia(2 studies)， Rheum palmatum(2 studies)， Ephedra sinica(2 studies)， and Atractylodes lances(2 studies). The remaining 91 Chinese medicines were reported with risk of nephrotoxicity in only 1 study respectively. CDFA reported 16 Chinese herbal medicines with the risk of nephrotoxicity， including Ganmaoqing Pian(capsule)， Zhenju Jiangya Pian， T. wilfordii preparation， Vc-Yinqiao Pian， Chuanhuning injection， Shuanghuanglian injection， Qingkailing injection， Lianbizhi injection， herbal decoction containing Aristolochiae Radix， Guanxin Suhe Wan， Shugan Liqi Wan， Ershiwuwei Songshi Wan， herbal decoction containing Aristolochia Fangchi， herbal granules containing root of Kaempfer Dutchmanspipe， Ganmaotong(tablets)， and Longdan Xiegan Wan. Currently， in addition to aristolochic acids， the most reported Chinese herbal medicine with the risk of nephrotoxicity is T. wilfordii preparation.
通过系统全面地总结所有可能导致肾毒性的中草药，为未来关于中草药肾毒性的研究提供依据。国外资源包括PubMed和Cochrane图书馆，国内研究资源为中国食品药品监督管理总局（CFDA）药品不良反应监测中心数据库。检索这些数据库自建库至2017年1月1日的内容。对研究类型无限制。共检索到28项英文研究，其中97种中草药或方剂有肾毒性风险。以下六种有肾毒性风险的中草药有大量研究报道：马兜铃酸（5项研究）、雷公藤（4项研究）、丁公藤（2项研究）、大黄（2项研究）、麻黄（2项研究）和苍术（2项研究）。其余91种中药仅在1项研究中报道有肾毒性风险。CFDA报告了16种有肾毒性风险的中草药，包括感冒清片（胶囊）、珍菊降压片、雷公藤制剂、维C银翘片、穿琥宁注射液、双黄连注射液、清开灵注射液、莲必治注射液、含关木通的中药汤剂、冠心苏合丸、舒肝理气丸、二十五味松石丸、含广防己的中药汤剂、含马兜铃根的中药颗粒、感冒通（片剂）和龙胆泻肝丸。目前，除马兜铃酸外，报道最多的有肾毒性风险的中草药是雷公藤制剂。
