Centro Conservazione Biodiversità, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi, 13, 09123, Cagliari, Italy.
Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, v.le Sant'Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, 09123, Cagliari, Italy.
Int J Biometeorol. 2018 Jul;62(7):1283-1295. doi: 10.1007/s00484-018-1533-3. Epub 2018 Mar 30.
Increases in temperature have been predicted and reported for the Mediterranean mountain ranges due to global warming and this phenomenon is expected to have profound consequences on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. We hereby present the case of Gentiana lutea L. subsp. lutea, a rhizomatous long-lived plant living in Central-Southern Europe, which is at the edge of its ecological and distributional range in Sardinia. Concretely, we analysed the reproductive success experienced during three phenological cycles (2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016) in four representative populations, with particular attention to the phenological cycle of 2014/2015, which has been recorded as one of the warmest periods of the last decades. The Smirnov-Grubbs test was used to evaluate differences in temperature and precipitation regimes among historical data and the analysed years, while the Kruskal-Wallis followed by the Wilcoxon test was used to measure differences between anthesis and reproductive performances among cycles and populations. In addition, generalised linear models were carried out to check relationships between climate variables and reproductive performance. Significant differences among climate variables and analysed cycles were highlighted, especially for maximum and mean temperatures. Such variations determined a non-flowering stage in two of the four analysed populations in 2014/2015 and significant differences of further five reproductive traits among cycles. These results confirmed that in current unstable climatic conditions, which are particularly evident in seasonal climates, reproductive success can be a sensitive and easily observable indicator of climatic anomalies. Considering the importance of this issue and the ease and cost-effectiveness of reproductive success monitoring, we argue that research in this sense can be a supporting tool for the enhancement of future crucial targets such as biodiversity conservation and the mitigation of global warming effects.
由于全球变暖，预计地中海山脉的温度会升高，并报告了这一现象，预计这将对生物多样性和生态系统功能产生深远影响。在此，我们介绍了生活在中欧-南欧的长命多根茎植物 Gentiana lutea L. subsp. lutea 的情况，该植物在撒丁岛的生态和分布范围的边缘。具体来说，我们分析了在四个代表性种群中经历的三个物候周期（2013/2014、2014/2015 和 2015/2016）的繁殖成功，特别关注 2014/2015 年的物候周期，该周期被记录为过去几十年中最温暖的时期之一。我们使用 Smirnov-Grubbs 检验来评估历史数据和分析年份之间的温度和降水模式差异，而 Kruskal-Wallis 检验后跟 Wilcoxon 检验用于衡量周期和种群之间的开花和繁殖表现之间的差异。此外，还进行了广义线性模型来检查气候变量与繁殖性能之间的关系。突出显示了气候变量和分析周期之间的显著差异，尤其是最高和平均温度。这种变化导致了四个分析种群中的两个在 2014/2015 年没有开花期，并且在不同周期之间存在五个生殖特征的显著差异。这些结果证实，在当前不稳定的气候条件下，特别是在季节性气候中，繁殖成功可以作为气候异常的敏感且易于观察的指标。考虑到这一问题的重要性以及繁殖成功监测的简便性和成本效益，我们认为，在这方面的研究可以成为支持未来重要目标（如生物多样性保护和减缓全球变暖影响）的工具。
