Krugner Rodrigo, Gordon Shira D
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, CA, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2018 Mar 31. doi: 10.1002/ps.4930.
Glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is an important vector of the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of Pierce's disease of grapevine. Area-wide insecticide applications have suppressed GWSS populations for ∼ 25 years, but reduced levels of insecticide susceptibility have been reported. Therefore, alternative methods of control are needed. Objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of playback of vibrational mating communication signals for disrupting mating of GWSS in a natural vineyard setting and to evaluate spectral properties of signal transmission through vineyard trellis.
Playback reduced mating of GWSS on grapevines. A total of 28 (of 134) male-female pairs mated in the control treatment (silence) and only one (of 134) pair mated when treated with the vibrational signal playback. Playback of vibrational signals through vineyard trellis was affected by distance from the signal source, with frequency composition being the highest at the source and lowest on vines positioned away from the source. Frequency composition in canes housing test insects decreased exponentially as distance from the source increased, whereas the relative amplitude of analyzed frequencies decreased linearly.
Although further studies are needed prior to method implementation, data from this study continue to support integration of vibrational mating disruption with current methods to suppress GWSS populations. Published 2018. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
玻璃翅叶蝉（GWSS），即葡萄斑叶蝉（Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar)，半翅目：叶蝉科），是木质部难养菌（Xylella fastidiosa）的重要传播媒介，木质部难养菌是葡萄皮尔氏病的致病因子。在约25年的时间里，大面积喷洒杀虫剂抑制了玻璃翅叶蝉的种群数量，但已有报道称其对杀虫剂的敏感性有所下降。因此，需要其他防治方法。本研究的目的是评估在自然葡萄园环境中播放振动交配通讯信号以干扰玻璃翅叶蝉交配的效果，并评估信号通过葡萄园棚架的传播频谱特性。
播放信号减少了葡萄藤上玻璃翅叶蝉的交配行为。在对照处理（无信号）中，134对雌雄叶蝉中有28对交配，而在播放振动信号处理时，134对中只有1对交配。通过葡萄园棚架播放振动信号受到与信号源距离的影响，频率成分在信号源处最高，在远离信号源的葡萄藤上最低。容纳测试昆虫的茎干中的频率成分随着与信号源距离的增加呈指数下降，而分析频率的相对振幅呈线性下降。
尽管在实施该方法之前还需要进一步研究，但本研究的数据继续支持将振动交配干扰与当前抑制玻璃翅叶蝉种群数量的方法相结合。2018年发表。本文是美国政府作品，在美国属于公共领域。
