Discipline of Pharmacy, School Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
Buchanan Ocular Therapeutics Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2018 Feb 15;126:185-194. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.03.009. Epub 2018 Mar 28.
Cataracts are one of the most prevalent diseases of the lens, affecting its transparency and are the leading cause of reversible blindness in the world. The clarity of the lens is essential for its normal physiological function of refracting light onto the retina. Currently there is no pharmaceutical treatment for prevention or cure of cataracts and surgery to replace the affected lens remains the gold standard in the management of cataracts. Pharmacological treatment for prevention of cataracts is hindered by many physiological barriers that must be overcome by a therapeutic agent to reach the avascular lens. Various therapeutic agents and formulation strategies are currently being investigated to prevent cataract formation as access to surgery is limited. This review provides a summary of recent research in the field of drug delivery to the lens for the management of cataracts including models used to study cataract treatments and discusses the future perspectives in the field.
白内障是晶状体最常见的疾病之一，它会影响晶状体的透明度，是世界上可导致失明的首要原因。晶状体的清晰度对其正常的生理功能——将光线折射到视网膜上——至关重要。目前，还没有药物治疗方法可以预防或治愈白内障，手术仍然是治疗白内障的金标准。由于必须克服许多生理屏障，才能使治疗剂到达无血管的晶状体，因此，预防白内障的药物治疗受到阻碍。目前，正在研究各种治疗剂和制剂策略，以预防白内障的形成，因为手术的机会有限。本文综述了近年来在药物递送至晶状体以治疗白内障的研究进展，包括用于研究白内障治疗的模型，并讨论了该领域的未来前景。
