Injury Prevention Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
Injury Prevention Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2018 Jun;82:58-67. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.03.018. Epub 2018 Mar 23.
Musculoskeletal injuries and musculoskeletal pain are prevalent among nurses compared to many other occupational groups.
To identify interventions that may be effective at reducing the prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal injuries and pain in registered nurses.
Systematic review.
Seven databases were systematically searched, including MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycInfo, Academic Search Complete, Health Source Nursing, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
Peer-reviewed journal articles reporting interventions designed to reduce the occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries and pain among registered nurses, published between January 2004 and June 2016, were eligible for inclusion. Randomised and non-randomised controlled trials, as well as studies implementing before-after designs were included. Studies investigating interventions in samples predominately comprised of nursing aides or non-nursing personnel were excluded. Relevant articles were collected and critically analysed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project methodology. Two reviewers independently extracted data and performed quality appraisals for each study. A narrative synthesis of study findings was performed.
Twenty studies met criteria for inclusion in the review. Types of interventions reported included: patient lift systems (N = 8), patient handling training (N = 3), multi-component interventions (N = 7), cognitive behavioural therapy (N = 1), and unstable shoes (N = 1). Only two studies received a 'strong' quality rating according to quality assessment criteria. One of these found no evidence for the effectiveness of patient handling training; the other found preliminary support for unstable shoes reducing self-reported pain and disability among nurses. Overall, evidence for each intervention type was limited.
There is an absence of high quality published studies investigating interventions to protect nurses from musculoskeletal injuries and pain. Further research (including randomised controlled trials) is needed to identify interventions that may reduce the high rates of injury and pain among nurses.
与许多其他职业群体相比，肌肉骨骼损伤和肌肉骨骼疼痛在护士中更为普遍。
确定可能有效降低注册护士肌肉骨骼损伤和疼痛发生率和影响的干预措施。
系统评价。
系统检索了 7 个数据库，包括 MEDLINE、CINAHL、EMBASE、PsycInfo、Academic Search Complete、Health Source Nursing 和 Cochrane 系统评价数据库。
符合纳入标准的研究为 2004 年 1 月至 2016 年 6 月发表的、旨在减少注册护士肌肉骨骼损伤和疼痛发生率的干预措施的同行评审期刊文章。纳入了随机和非随机对照试验以及采用前后设计的研究。排除了研究样本主要由护理助理或非护理人员组成的干预措施。收集相关文章，并使用有效公共卫生实践项目方法进行批判性分析。两位审查员独立提取数据并对每项研究进行质量评估。对研究结果进行了叙述性综合。
20 项研究符合纳入标准。报告的干预措施类型包括：患者提升系统（8 项）、患者搬运培训（3 项）、多组分干预（7 项）、认知行为疗法（1 项）和不稳定鞋（1 项）。只有两项研究根据质量评估标准获得了“强”质量评分。其中一项研究没有发现患者搬运培训有效性的证据；另一项研究初步支持不稳定鞋可减少护士自我报告的疼痛和残疾。总体而言，每种干预措施的证据都很有限。
目前缺乏针对保护护士免受肌肉骨骼损伤和疼痛的干预措施的高质量已发表研究。需要进一步研究（包括随机对照试验）来确定可能降低护士高损伤和疼痛率的干预措施。
