Beesley Tom, Hanafi Gunadi, Vadillo Miguel A, Shanks David R, Livesey Evan J
School of Psychology, Lancaster University.
School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2018 May;44(5):707-721. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000467. Epub 2018 Apr 2.
Two experiments examined biases in selective attention during contextual cuing of visual search. When participants were instructed to search for a target of a particular color, overt attention (as measured by the location of fixations) was biased strongly toward distractors presented in that same color. However, when participants searched for targets that could be presented in 1 of 2 possible colors, overt attention was not biased between the different distractors, regardless of whether these distractors predicted the location of the target (repeating) or did not (randomly arranged). These data suggest that selective attention in visual search is guided only by the demands of the target detection task (the attentional set) and not by the predictive validity of the distractor elements. (PsycINFO Database Record
两项实验研究了视觉搜索情境线索化过程中选择性注意的偏差。当指示参与者搜索特定颜色的目标时，外显注意（通过注视位置测量）强烈偏向于以相同颜色呈现的干扰项。然而，当参与者搜索可能以两种可能颜色之一呈现的目标时，无论这些干扰项是否预测目标位置（重复呈现）或未预测（随机排列），外显注意在不同干扰项之间均无偏差。这些数据表明，视觉搜索中的选择性注意仅由目标检测任务的要求（注意集）引导，而非由干扰项元素的预测有效性引导。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》 ）
