Strutzberg-Minder Katrin, Tschentscher Astrid, Beyerbach Martin, Homuth Matthias, Kreienbrock Lothar
IVD Innovative Veterinary Diagnostics (IVD GmbH), Albert-Einstein-Str. 5, 30926 Seelze, Germany.
2Institute for Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing (IBEI), WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Training for Health at the Human-Animal-Environment Interface, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 2, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Porcine Health Manag. 2018 Mar 27;4:10. doi: 10.1186/s40813-018-0086-5. eCollection 2018.
As no current data are available on the prevalence of leptospiral infection in swine in Germany, we analysed laboratory data from diagnostic examinations carried out on samples from swine all over Germany from January 2011 to September 2016. A total of 29,829 swine sera were tested by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for antibodies against strains of eleven Leptospira serovars.
Overall, 20.2% (6025) of the total sample collection tested positive for leptospiral infection. Seropositivity ranged between 16.3% (964) in 2011 and 30.9% (941) in 2016 (January to September only). Of all samples, 11.6% (57.3% of the positives) reacted with only one Leptospira serovar, and only 8.6% (42.7% of the positives) reacted simultaneously with two or more serovars. The most frequently detected serovar was Bratislava, which was found in 11.6% (3448) of all samples, followed by the serovars Australis in 7.3% (2185), Icterohaemorrhagiae in 4.0% (1191), Copenhageni in 4.0% (1182), Autumnalis in 3.7% (1054), Canicola in 2.0% (585), and Pomona in 1.2% (368). Modelling shows that both the year and the reason for testing at the laboratory had statistically strong effects on the test results; however, no interactions were determined between those factors. The results support the suggestion that the seropositivities found may be considered to indicate the state of leptospiral infections in the German swine population.
Although data from passive surveillance are prone to selection bias, stratified analysis by initial reason for examination and analyses by model approaches may correct for biases. A prevalence of about 20% for a leptospiral infection is most probable for sows with reproductive problems in Germany, with an increasing trend. Swine in Germany are probably a reservoir host for serovar Bratislava, but in contrast to other studies not for Pomona and Tarassovi.
由于目前尚无关于德国猪群钩端螺旋体感染患病率的可用数据，我们分析了2011年1月至2016年9月期间对德国各地猪的样本进行诊断检查的实验室数据。总共29,829份猪血清通过显微镜凝集试验（MAT）检测了针对11种钩端螺旋体血清型菌株的抗体。
总体而言，总样本收集中20.2%（6025份）的钩端螺旋体感染检测呈阳性。血清阳性率在2011年为16.3%（964份）至2016年（仅1月至9月）的30.9%（941份）之间。在所有样本中，11.6%（占阳性样本的57.3%）仅与一种钩端螺旋体血清型反应，只有8.6%（占阳性样本的42.7%）同时与两种或更多血清型反应。最常检测到的血清型是布拉迪斯拉发，在所有样本的11.6%（3448份）中发现，其次是澳大利亚血清型，占7.3%（2185份），出血性黄疸型占4.0%（1191份），哥本哈根型占4.0%（1182份），秋季型占3.7%（1054份），犬型占2.0%（585份），波摩那型占1.2%（368份）。模型显示，年份和实验室检测原因对检测结果在统计学上有很强的影响；然而，未确定这些因素之间的相互作用。结果支持以下建议，即所发现的血清阳性率可被视为表明德国猪群中钩端螺旋体感染的状况。
尽管被动监测的数据容易出现选择偏差，但按初始检查原因进行分层分析和通过模型方法进行分析可能会纠正偏差。德国患有繁殖问题的母猪钩端螺旋体感染患病率最有可能约为20%，且呈上升趋势。德国的猪可能是布拉迪斯拉发血清型的储存宿主，但与其他研究不同的是，不是波摩那型和塔拉索夫型的储存宿主。
