Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
Agriculture Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Jun;25(17):16776-16787. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-1823-7. Epub 2018 Apr 3.
Two field trials were carried out in two successive agricultural seasons to study the possibility of using silicon (Si) and Moringa seed extract (MSE) for reducing heavy metal contamination resulting from phosphate fertilizers addition to potato tubers. A randomized complete block design experiment was performed using three replicates. Various sources of phosphate fertilizers as ordinary super phosphate and rock phosphate were added at rate of 100 kg P ha prior sowing. Silicon was added as potassium silicate (20% SiO) at rate of 6 L ha, and MSE was also added at rate of 150 L ha in three equal doses with the 2nd, 4th, and 6th irrigations during the last 10 min of drip irrigation. Results indicated that the addition of phosphate fertilizers increased fresh tuber yield, dry weight yield, NPK uptake, catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione reductase of potato either alone or combined with silicon and MSE. The accumulation rate of Cu, Cd, and Ni in potato was higher with the single addition of rock phosphate fertilizer compared with single addition of super phosphate fertilizer. The highest reduction (P < 0.05) in heavy metal accumulation in potato leaves and tubers as well as soil was found with MSE treatment plus super phosphate fertilizer. It is recommended to add MSE at a rate of 150 L ha along with fertilizing the potato crop with ordinary super phosphate fertilizer.
两项田间试验在两个连续的农业季节进行，旨在研究硅（Si）和辣木种子提取物（MSE）是否可用于减少因向马铃薯块茎施加磷酸盐肥料而导致的重金属污染。采用完全随机区组设计试验，设 3 个重复。播种前，以 100 kg P/ha 的用量添加不同来源的磷酸盐肥料，如普通过磷酸钙和磷矿粉。以 6 L/ha 的用量添加硅酸钾（20%SiO）作为硅源，在最后 10 分钟的滴灌期间，分 3 次，每次间隔 4 次灌溉，以 150 L/ha 的用量添加 MSE。结果表明，单独或与硅和 MSE 结合添加磷酸盐肥料会增加马铃薯的鲜薯产量、干物质产量、NPK 吸收、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶。与单独添加过磷酸钙肥料相比，单独添加磷矿粉会导致马铃薯中 Cu、Cd 和 Ni 的积累率更高。发现添加 MSE（用量为 150 L/ha）与普通过磷酸钙肥料施肥相结合，可显著降低马铃薯叶片和块茎及土壤中重金属的积累（P<0.05）。建议向马铃薯作物施加普通过磷酸钙肥料的同时，添加 MSE（用量为 150 L/ha）。
