Sun Zhenqiang, Liu Jinbo, Chen Chen, Zhou Quanbo, Yang Shuaixi, Wang Guixian, Song Junmin, Li Zhen, Zhang Zhiyong, Xu Jizhong, Sun Xiantao, Chang Yuan, Yuan Weitang
Cell Physiol Biochem. 2018;46(2):431-441. doi: 10.1159/000488610. Epub 2018 Mar 26.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. Easier recurrence and metastasis is the main cause of mortality in CRC patients, and the markers applied for diagnosis and treatment of CRC is still urgently needed to early diagnose and evaluate therapeutic effect. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a class of noncoding RNA that the length is more than 200 nucleotides. With the development of sequencing technique about transcriptome, increasing lncRNAs are focused on their function and mechanism related to the nosogenesis and pathology of CRC. Recent studies report that lncRNAs acted as crucial role in CRC and could be as biomarker for CRC diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we display the regulation of lncRNA by interacting with DNA, RNA and protein and highlight the double role of lncRNAs as oncogene or anti-tumor gene involved in Wnt signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway or others to be an regulator in CRC development. Lastly, we discuss some new finding of lncRNAs, especially lncRNA in exosome, which could be as potential markers for diagnosis and treatment of CRC in future.
结直肠癌（CRC）是世界上最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。更容易复发和转移是CRC患者死亡的主要原因，因此仍迫切需要用于CRC诊断和治疗的标志物，以便早期诊断和评估治疗效果。长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）是一类长度超过200个核苷酸的非编码RNA。随着转录组测序技术的发展，越来越多的lncRNAs因其与CRC发生和病理相关的功能及机制而受到关注。最近的研究报告称，lncRNAs在CRC中起关键作用，可作为CRC诊断和治疗的生物标志物。在本综述中，我们展示了lncRNA通过与DNA、RNA和蛋白质相互作用的调控方式，并强调了lncRNAs作为癌基因或抗肿瘤基因在Wnt信号通路、p53信号通路或其他通路中的双重作用，从而成为CRC发展中的调节因子。最后，我们讨论了lncRNAs的一些新发现，特别是外泌体中的lncRNA，其未来可能成为CRC诊断和治疗的潜在标志物。
