Pasha Terouz, Stokes Paul R A
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Front Psychiatry. 2018 Mar 20;9:86. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00086. eCollection 2018.
The 2015 Germanwings Flight 9525 disaster, in which 150 people were killed after the co-pilot may have intentionally crashed the plane in a suicide attempt, highlights the importance of better understanding the mental health of commercial airline pilots. However, there have been few systematic reviews investigating the topic of mental health in commercial aviation. This systematic review aims to identify the types and prevalence of mental health disorders that commercial airline pilots experience with a focus on mood disorders and suicide risk.
A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases. Eligible studies were assessed and data was extracted and analyzed.
20 studies were identified. The prevalence of depression experienced by commercial airline pilots in this review ranged from 1.9% to 12.6%. Factors that negatively impacted the mental health of pilots included substance abuse, experiencing verbal or sexual abuse, disruption in sleep circadian rhythms and fatigue.
This systematic review identifies that commercial airline pilots may experience depression at least as frequently as the general population. Commercial airline pilots experience occupational stressors, such as disrupted circadian rhythms and fatigue which may increase risks of developing mood disorders. Most studies identified in this review were cross-sectional in nature with substantial limitations. There is a clear need for further higher quality longitudinal studies to better understand the mental health of commercial airline pilots.
2015年德国之翼9525号航班灾难中，副驾驶可能蓄意坠机自杀，导致150人丧生，这凸显了更好地了解商业航空公司飞行员心理健康的重要性。然而，很少有系统综述对商业航空领域的心理健康主题进行调查。本系统综述旨在确定商业航空公司飞行员所经历的心理健康障碍的类型和患病率，重点关注情绪障碍和自杀风险。
使用PubMed、EMBASE和PsycINFO数据库进行系统文献检索。对符合条件的研究进行评估，并提取和分析数据。
共确定了20项研究。在本综述中，商业航空公司飞行员的抑郁症患病率在1.9%至12.6%之间。对飞行员心理健康产生负面影响的因素包括药物滥用、遭受言语或性虐待、睡眠昼夜节律紊乱和疲劳。
本系统综述表明，商业航空公司飞行员患抑郁症的频率可能至少与普通人群一样高。商业航空公司飞行员面临职业压力源，如昼夜节律紊乱和疲劳，这可能会增加患情绪障碍的风险。本综述中确定的大多数研究本质上是横断面研究，存在重大局限性。显然需要进一步开展更高质量的纵向研究，以更好地了解商业航空公司飞行员的心理健康状况。
