新西兰政府和公共卫生部门对电子烟的应对措施：电子烟使用者的观点。
Government and public health responses to e-cigarettes in New Zealand: vapers' perspectives.
机构信息
Global Public Health, P O Box 82, Glenorchy, 9350, New Zealand.
School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Massey University, Private Box 756, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand.
出版信息
Harm Reduct J. 2018 Apr 5;15(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s12954-018-0219-9.
BACKGROUND
The New Zealand (NZ) government is to lift the ban on the sale of nicotine for use in electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes).
METHODS
Using a naturalistic approach, we sought to understand how the current law was experienced by e-cigarette users (vapers). Twenty-nine vapers were interviewed by telephone, between May and September 2016, using a semi-structured interview schedule. Open-ended questions covered: initiating vaping, the experience of stopping smoking, technical problems encountered, reasons for vaping, acceptability of vaping, addiction to vaping and advice given to smokers about vaping. The audio recordings were transcribed and then independently coded using a general inductive thematic analysis.
RESULTS
This paper presents the main theme which was that vapers employed a range of reactionary strategies to the ban on the sale of nicotine e-liquid in NZ. These included lobbying government, spreading the word, establishing vaper support groups, helping people stop smoking by switching to vaping and advocating for e-cigarettes to be incorporated into smoking cessation practice.
CONCLUSIONS
Vapers' experience and observations form a popular or lay epidemiology--one that identified that e-cigarettes were helping people stop smoking and could thus deliver public health benefits. Public health researchers and workers, and government fears about vaping, and proposals to strengthen restrictions contributed to the growth of the vaper community who reacted by forming self-help groups and providing alternative cessation support to smokers. For a significant switch from smoking to vaping to occur, the health sector needs to have a change of attitude towards vaping that is positive, and the public needs evidence-based information on vaping. A first step could be for the health sector to collaborate with the vaping community to reorient current tobacco control and cessation practice to encourage smokers to switch to less harmful smoke-free alternatives to smoking.
背景
新西兰（NZ）政府将解除对电子烟中尼古丁销售的禁令。
方法
采用自然主义方法，我们试图了解电子烟用户（电子烟使用者）对现行法律的体验。2016 年 5 月至 9 月期间，我们通过电话采访了 29 名电子烟使用者，使用半结构化访谈大纲。开放式问题涵盖：开始使用电子烟、戒烟体验、遇到的技术问题、使用电子烟的原因、对电子烟的接受程度、对电子烟的成瘾以及向吸烟者提供的有关电子烟的建议。对录音进行了转录，然后使用一般归纳主题分析方法独立进行编码。
结果
本文提出了一个主要主题，即电子烟使用者对新西兰禁止销售尼古丁电子烟液体采取了一系列反应策略。这些策略包括游说政府、宣传信息、建立电子烟使用者支持小组、通过转换为电子烟帮助人们戒烟以及倡导将电子烟纳入戒烟实践。
结论
电子烟使用者的经验和观察形成了一种流行的或非专业的流行病学，即电子烟有助于人们戒烟，从而带来公共卫生效益。公共卫生研究人员和工作者、政府对电子烟的担忧以及加强限制的建议促使电子烟社区壮大，他们通过组建自助小组并为吸烟者提供替代戒烟支持来做出反应。为了实现从吸烟到电子烟的重大转变，卫生部门需要对电子烟采取积极的态度，公众需要有关电子烟的基于证据的信息。第一步可以是卫生部门与电子烟社区合作，重新调整当前的烟草控制和戒烟实践，鼓励吸烟者改用危害较小的无烟替代品来吸烟。
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