Mendelson Jenny
Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Banner-University Medical Center, 1501 North Campbell Avenue, PO Box 245073, Tucson, AZ 85724-5073, USA; Emergency Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Banner-University Medical Center, 1501 North Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85724-5073, USA.
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2018 May;36(2):427-440. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2017.12.010. Epub 2018 Feb 10.
Shock, a state of inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues resulting in anaerobic metabolism, lactate accumulation, and end-organ dysfunction, is common in children in emergency department. Shock can be divided into 4 categories: hypovolemic, distributive, cardiogenic, and obstructive. Early recognition of shock can be made with close attention to historical clues, physical examination and vital sign abnormalities. Early and aggressive treatment can prevent or reverse organ dysfunction and improve morbidity and mortality.
休克是一种组织氧输送不足导致无氧代谢、乳酸蓄积及终末器官功能障碍的状态，在急诊科儿童中很常见。休克可分为4类：低血容量性、分布性、心源性和梗阻性。通过密切关注病史线索、体格检查及生命体征异常可早期识别休克。早期积极治疗可预防或逆转器官功能障碍，改善发病率和死亡率。
