Hoche Shibru, Meshesha Berhan, Wakgari Negash
Yirba Primary Hospital, Sidama Zone, Ethiopia.
College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Ethiop J Health Sci. 2018 Jan;28(1):49-62. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v28i1.7.
Sub-optimal breast feeding contributed a significant number of infants' death. Although breast feeding is universal in Ethiopia, the practice is not optimal. Hence, this study assessed the prevalence of sub-optimal breast feeding practice and its associated factors in rural communities of Hula District, Southern Ethiopia.
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 634 women with infants aged 6 to 12 months. Multistage sampling technique was employed to select study subjects. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20.0. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of delayed initiation of breastfeeding and non-exclusive breastfeeding.
The prevalence of suboptimal breast feeding of infants was found to be 56.9%. Nearly half (49.4%) of the mothers delayed initiation of breast feeding, and 13.4% of the infants were fed breast non-exclusively. Having formal education [AOR: 1.74; 95% CI (1.17, 2.59)], family size < 5 [AOR=1.59; 95% CI (1.03, 2.45)], having one under five child [AOR=1.88; 95% CI (1.29, 2.75)], lower number of antenatal care visits [AOR= 2.40; 95% CI (1.68, 3.43)] and lack of counseling on breastfeeding [AOR= 1.69; 95% CI (1.19, 2.41)] were negatively associated with delayed initiation of breast feeding. Similarly, not attending formal education, low birth order and lack of knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding were also negatively associated with exclusive breastfeeding practice.
In this study, sub-optimal breast feeding was found to be high. Delayed initiation and non-exclusive breastfeeding practices were major contributors to sub-optimal breast feeding.
母乳喂养不达标导致大量婴儿死亡。尽管埃塞俄比亚普遍实行母乳喂养，但这种做法并不理想。因此，本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚南部胡拉地区农村社区母乳喂养不达标行为的患病率及其相关因素。
对634名有6至12个月大婴儿的妇女进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术选择研究对象。通过访谈员发放的结构化问卷收集数据。使用SPSS 20.0版本录入和分析数据。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归来确定母乳喂养开始延迟和非纯母乳喂养的预测因素。
发现婴儿母乳喂养不达标率为56.9%。近一半（49.4%）的母亲延迟开始母乳喂养，13.4%的婴儿未进行纯母乳喂养。接受过正规教育[AOR：1.74；95%CI（1.17，2.59）]、家庭规模<5[AOR=1.59；95%CI（1.03，2.45）]、有一个5岁以下儿童[AOR=1.88；95%CI（1.29，2.75）]、产前检查次数较少[AOR=2.40；95%CI（1.68，3.43）]以及缺乏母乳喂养咨询[AOR=1.69；95%CI（1.19，2.41）]与母乳喂养开始延迟呈负相关。同样，未接受正规教育、低出生顺序以及缺乏纯母乳喂养知识也与纯母乳喂养行为呈负相关。
在本研究中，发现母乳喂养不达标率很高。母乳喂养开始延迟和非纯母乳喂养行为是母乳喂养不达标率高的主要原因。
