College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Applied Human Nutrition, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Int Breastfeed J. 2015 Jan 20;10(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s13006-014-0027-0. eCollection 2015.
Exclusive breastfeeding is the most widely known and effective intervention for preventing early-childhood deaths. Optimum breastfeeding practices can prevent 1.4 million deaths worldwide among children under five every year. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers who have an infant less than six months old in Debre Markos, Northwest Ethiopia.
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to 30, 2013. A simple random sampling technique was used from a list of all mothers who had an infant less than six months old obtained from the health extension workers (HEWs) registration book in all kebeles (neighbourhoods) of the city. A total of 423 mothers with infants less than six months old were included in this study. Data were collected using questionnaires administered at interview. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding.
The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding during the seven days before the survey was 60.8% (95% CI: 55.8%, 65.8%). Those mothers who were unemployed [AOR = 1.98 (1.21, 3.22)], received breastfeeding counseling during antenatal care (ANC) [AOR = 2.44 (1.53, 3.91)], received infant feeding counseling during postnatal care (PNC) [AOR = 5.03 (3.04, 8.31)], didn't give prelacteal feeding [AOR = 3.44 (1.88, 6.33)] and had adequate knowledge about breastfeeding [AOR = 2.57 (1.57, 4.19)] were more likely to practice EBF than their counterparts.
Although the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was lower in the study area than international recommendations, rates were higher than found in other studies. Recommendations for improving exclusive breastfeeding include better support for working mothers through extending maternal leave and establishing work-site day care centers for infants, expanding the urban health extension program so that more pregnant women and mothers can be taught about appropriate infant and young child feeding practices and how to express their milk, thereby increasing their breastfeeding knowledge.
纯母乳喂养是预防儿童早逝最广泛应用和最有效的干预措施。最佳的母乳喂养实践每年可在全球范围内预防 140 万五岁以下儿童死亡。本研究的目的是评估在埃塞俄比亚西北部德布雷马科斯，6 个月以下婴儿的母亲中纯母乳喂养的流行率及其相关因素。
2013 年 4 月 1 日至 30 日进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样技术，从从城市所有卫生推广人员（HEWs）登记册中获得的所有 6 个月以下婴儿的母亲名单中抽取样本。共有 423 名 6 个月以下婴儿的母亲纳入本研究。使用访谈时进行的问卷收集数据。进行了单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以确定与纯母乳喂养相关的因素。
调查前七天纯母乳喂养的流行率为 60.8%（95%CI：55.8%，65.8%）。那些失业的母亲（AOR=1.98（1.21，3.22））、在产前护理期间接受母乳喂养咨询（AOR=2.44（1.53，3.91））、在产后护理期间接受婴儿喂养咨询（AOR=5.03（3.04，8.31））、不进行开奶（AOR=3.44（1.88，6.33））和具有足够母乳喂养知识（AOR=2.57（1.57，4.19））的母亲更有可能进行纯母乳喂养。
尽管研究地区的纯母乳喂养流行率低于国际建议，但高于其他研究。改善纯母乳喂养的建议包括通过延长产假和为婴儿建立工作场所日托中心，更好地为工作母亲提供支持，扩大城市卫生推广计划，以便更多的孕妇和母亲可以接受适当的婴幼儿喂养实践和如何表达母乳的知识，从而提高她们的母乳喂养知识。
