Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
Department of Psychology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Psychophysiology. 2018 Aug;55(8):e13083. doi: 10.1111/psyp.13083. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
Schizophrenia patients exhibit less gamma-frequency EEG/MEG activity (>30 Hz), a finding interpreted as evidence of poor temporal neural organization and functional network communication. Research has shown that neuroplasticity-oriented training can improve task-related oscillatory dynamics, indicating some reorganization capacity in schizophrenia. Demonstrating a generalization of such task training effects to spontaneous oscillations at rest would not only enrich understanding of this neuroplastic potential but inform the interpretation of spontaneous gamma oscillations in the service of normal cognitive function. In the present study, neuromagnetic resting-state oscillatory brain activity and cognitive performance were assessed before and after training in 61 schizophrenia patients, who were randomly assigned to 4 weeks of neuroplasticity-oriented targeted cognitive training or treatment as usual (TAU). Gamma power of 40-90 Hz increased after training, but not after TAU, in a frontoparietal network. Across two types of training, this increase was related to improved cognitive test performance. These results indicate that abnormal oscillatory dynamics in schizophrenia patients manifested in spontaneous gamma activity can be changed with neuroplasticity-oriented training parallel to cognitive performance.
精神分裂症患者表现出较少的伽马频率 EEG/MEG 活动（>30 Hz），这一发现被解释为证据表明神经组织的时间结构较差和功能网络的通讯不良。研究表明，以神经可塑性为导向的训练可以改善与任务相关的振荡动力学，这表明精神分裂症患者具有一定的重组能力。证明这种任务训练效果可以推广到休息时的自发振荡，不仅可以丰富对这种神经可塑性潜力的理解，还可以为正常认知功能服务的自发伽马振荡的解释提供信息。在本研究中，评估了 61 名精神分裂症患者在接受以神经可塑性为导向的靶向认知训练或常规治疗（TAU）前后的静息状态下的神经磁振荡脑活动和认知表现，患者被随机分配到 4 周的神经可塑性导向的靶向认知训练或常规治疗中。在前顶叶网络中，伽马功率（40-90 Hz）在训练后增加，但在 TAU 后没有增加。在两种类型的训练中，这种增加与认知测试表现的提高有关。这些结果表明，精神分裂症患者在自发伽马活动中表现出的异常振荡动力学可以通过以神经可塑性为导向的训练与认知表现平行地改变。
