Mold Alex
Centre for History in Public Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH.
Soc Hist Med. 2017 Aug 1;30(3):612-636. doi: 10.1093/shm/hkw094. Epub 2016 Dec 22.
This article examines the development of alcohol health education in Britain during the 1970s, using this as a way to explore the nature of public health and the place of the public within it. Focusing on a set of local health education campaigns, an expert committee report on alcohol prevention and a public consultation exercise on alcohol, the article highlights the presence of three different 'publics'. Health education campaigns tended to focus on the individual drinker, but the drinking habits of the whole population were also of concern. So too were the rights and responsibilities of citizen-consumers. These three publics - drinkers, the population and citizen-consumers - were often in conflict with one another, and though it was drinkers that became the object of alcohol policy, the needs of the population, and of citizen-consumers, could not be ignored.
本文考察了20世纪70年代英国酒精健康教育的发展情况,以此作为探索公共卫生的本质以及公众在其中的地位的一种方式。聚焦于一系列地方健康教育活动、一份关于酒精预防的专家委员会报告以及一次关于酒精的公众咨询活动,本文突出了三种不同“公众”的存在。健康教育活动往往侧重于个体饮酒者,但全体人口的饮酒习惯也受到关注。公民消费者的权利和责任同样如此。这三种公众——饮酒者、全体人口和公民消费者——常常相互冲突,尽管饮酒者成为了酒精政策的对象,但全体人口以及公民消费者的需求却不能被忽视。