前牙拥挤或牙间隙对口腔健康相关生活质量的影响：一项横断面研究。
Effect of anterior crowding or spacing on oral health-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Hassan Ali H, Hobani Nour M, Almokri Sara M, Almokri Nour M, Alotibi Faiza G, Alshouibi Ehab N
机构信息
Department of Orthodontics, King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Periodontolgy, King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2018 Mar 27;12:461-465. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S149081. eCollection 2018.
INTRODUCTION
Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) involves many aspects such as chewing ability, sleeping, social interactions, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life and oral health. The increasing research interest in OHRQoL began only after the shortcomings of previous approaches of treating symptoms only and neglecting the patient's self-perception were revealed.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
The current study design is a cross-sectional study of patients who attended King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia) and King Saud University Dental Hospital (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia). After obtaining their verbal consent, young adult and adult patients (mean age 25.19±7.29 years old) with anterior spacing or crowding were recruited to participate in the study. They filled the Arabic short version of the oral-health impact profile-14 questionnaire after a clinical evaluation of the severity of their spacing or crowding. Parameters of spacing/crowding severity assessment were as follows: <4, mild; 4-8, moderate; and >8, severe. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test in SPSS statistical package. The level of significance was set to <0.05.
RESULTS
The sample size of this study was 308 subjects. Findings indicated a statistically significant (=0.001) association between anterior spacing malocclusion (ASM) with Q5 "self-consciousness", since 64.2% of patients with ASM reported being self-conscious. Results indicated a statistically significant association between educational level with anterior crowding malocclusion (ACM; =0.02) and ASM (=0.01) with Q3 "painful aching". Moreover, findings indicated a statistically significant association (=0.04) between income and ACM with Q5 "self-consciousness". On the other hand, results showed no significant association between gender with either ACM or ASM.
CONCLUSION
This study sheds light on how anterior malocclusion (crowding or spacing) impacts OHRQoL negatively, especially heightening self-consciousness about their appearance. These effects should be addressed by the orthodontist during the course of treatment.
引言
口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）涉及咀嚼能力、睡眠、社交互动、自尊以及对生活和口腔健康的满意度等多个方面。仅在以往仅治疗症状而忽视患者自我认知的方法的缺点被揭示之后，对OHRQoL的研究兴趣才开始增加。
患者与方法
本研究设计为对前往阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学牙科医院（沙特阿拉伯吉达）和沙特国王大学牙科医院（沙特阿拉伯利雅得）就诊的患者进行的横断面研究。在获得他们的口头同意后，招募了患有前牙间隙或牙列拥挤的年轻成年人和成年人患者（平均年龄25.19±7.29岁）参与研究。在对他们的间隙或拥挤严重程度进行临床评估后，他们填写了阿拉伯语简短版的口腔健康影响程度量表-14问卷。间隙/拥挤严重程度评估参数如下：<4，轻度；4-8，中度；>8，重度。使用SPSS统计软件包中的卡方检验对数据进行分析。显著性水平设定为<0.05。
结果
本研究的样本量为308名受试者。研究结果表明，前牙间隙错牙合（ASM）与问题5“自觉”之间存在统计学显著关联（=0.001），因为64.2%的ASM患者报告有自觉症状。结果表明，教育水平与前牙拥挤错牙合（ACM；=0.02）以及ASM与问题3“疼痛酸痛”之间存在统计学显著关联。此外，研究结果表明，收入与ACM和问题5“自觉”之间存在统计学显著关联（=0.04）。另一方面，结果显示性别与ACM或ASM之间均无显著关联。
结论
本研究揭示了前牙错牙合（拥挤或间隙）如何对OHRQoL产生负面影响，尤其是增强了患者对自身外貌的自觉意识。正畸医生在治疗过程中应关注这些影响。
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