Rose Angela M, Williams Rachel A, Rengers Brooke, Kennel Julie A, Gunther Carolyn
Department of Human Sciences, Ohio State University, Human Nutrition Program, 1787 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Nutr Res Pract. 2018 Apr;12(2):143-148. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.2.143. Epub 2018 Mar 27.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Average intake of calcium among college students is below the recommended intake, and knowledge surrounding the attitudinal and behavioral factors that influence milk and dairy intake, a primary food source of calcium, is limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate college students' attitudes and behaviors concerning milk and dairy consumption and their association with calcium intake.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Participants were 1,730 undergraduate students who completed an online survey (SurveyMonkey) as part of baseline data collection for a social marketing dairy campaign. The online survey assessed attitudes and behaviors concerning milk and dairy intake, and calcium intake. Questions about milk- and dairy-related attitudes and behaviors were grouped into 14 factors using factor analysis. Predictors of calcium intake were then evaluated.
Median calcium intake across all participants was 928.6 mg/day, with males consuming higher calcium intakes than females ( < 0.001). Adjusted for gender, calcium intakes were most strongly (and positively) correlated with associating milk with specific eating occasions and availability (i.e., storing calcium-rich foods in one's dorm or apartment) (both < 0.001). Other correlates of calcium intake included: positive-viewing milk as healthy ( = 0.039), having family members who drink milk) ( = 0.039), and taking calcium supplements ( = 0.056); and negative-parent rules concerning milk ( = 0.031) and viewing milk in dining halls negatively ( = 0.05).
Calcium intakes among college students enrolled in the current study was below the recommended dietary allowance of 1,000 mg/day, reinforcing the need for dietary interventions in this target population, especially females. Practitioners and researchers should consider the factors found here to impact calcium intake, particularly associating milk with specific eating occasions (e.g., milk with breakfast) and having calcium-rich foods available in the dorm room or apartment, as intervention strategies in future efforts aimed at promoting milk and dairy foods and beverages for improved calcium intake in college students.
背景/目的：大学生的钙平均摄入量低于推荐摄入量，而且关于影响牛奶和奶制品摄入量（钙的主要食物来源）的态度和行为因素的相关知识有限。本研究的目的是评估大学生对牛奶和奶制品消费的态度和行为及其与钙摄入量的关联。
对象/方法：参与者为1730名本科生，他们完成了一项在线调查（SurveyMonkey），作为一项社会营销奶制品活动基线数据收集的一部分。该在线调查评估了与牛奶和奶制品摄入量以及钙摄入量有关的态度和行为。使用因子分析将与牛奶和奶制品相关的态度和行为问题归为14个因素。然后评估钙摄入量的预测因素。
所有参与者的钙摄入量中位数为928.6毫克/天，男性的钙摄入量高于女性（<0.001）。在对性别进行调整后，钙摄入量与将牛奶与特定饮食场合及可得性联系起来（即在宿舍或公寓中储存富含钙的食物）的关联最为强烈（且呈正相关）（两者均<0.001）。钙摄入量的其他相关因素包括：将牛奶视为健康食品（=0.039）、有家庭成员喝牛奶（=0.039）以及服用钙补充剂（=0.056）；以及与牛奶相关的负面家长规定（=0.031）和对食堂牛奶的负面看法（=0.05）。
参与本研究的大学生的钙摄入量低于每日推荐膳食摄入量1000毫克，这凸显了对该目标人群进行饮食干预的必要性，尤其是对女性。从业者和研究人员应考虑此处发现的影响钙摄入量的因素，特别是将牛奶与特定饮食场合（如早餐时喝牛奶）联系起来以及在宿舍或公寓中有富含钙的食物，作为未来旨在推广牛奶和奶制品及饮料以提高大学生钙摄入量的干预策略。
