有氧运动训练对人类ACE C结构域和N结构域活性有不同影响：与ACE I/D多态性的相互作用及与血管反应性的关联
Aerobic exercise training differentially affects ACE C- and N-domain activities in humans: Interactions with ACE I/D polymorphism and association with vascular reactivity.
作者信息
Alves Cléber Rene, Fernandes Tiago, Lemos José Ribeiro, Magalhães Flávio de Castro, Trombetta Ivani Credidio, Alves Guilherme Barreto, Mota Glória de Fátima Alves da, Dias Rodrigo Gonçalves, Pereira Alexandre Costa, Krieger José Eduardo, Negrão Carlos Eduardo, Oliveira Edilamar Menezes
机构信息
1 School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
2 Heart Institute (Incor), Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
出版信息
J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2018 Apr-Jun;19(2):1470320318761725. doi: 10.1177/1470320318761725.
INTRODUCTION
Previous studies have linked angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE) insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism (II, ID and DD) to physical performance. Moreover, ACE has two catalytic domains: NH2 (N) and COOH (C) with distinct functions, and their activity has been found to be modulated by ACE polymorphism. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of the interaction between aerobic exercise training (AET) and ACE I/D polymorphism on ACE N- and C-domain activities and vascular reactivity in humans.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 315 pre-selected healthy males were genotyped for II, ID and DD genotypes. Fifty completed the full AET (II, n = 12; ID, n = 25; and DD, n = 13), performed in three 90-minute sessions weekly, in the four-month exercise protocol. Pre- and post-training resting heart rate (HR), peak O consumption (VO peak), mean blood pressure (MBP), forearm vascular conduction (FVC), total circulating ACE and C- and N-domain activities were assessed. One-way ANOVA and two -way repeated-measures ANOVA were used.
RESULTS
In pre-training, all variables were similar among the three genotypes. In post-training, a similar increase in FVC (35%) was observed in the three genotypes. AET increased VO peak similarly in II, ID and DD (49±2 vs. 57±1; 48±1 vs. 56±3; and 48±5 vs. 58±2 ml/kg/min, respectively). Moreover, there were no changes in HR and MBP. The DD genotype was also associated with greater ACE and C-domain activities at pre- and post-training when compared to II. AET decreased similarly the total ACE and C-domain activities in all genotypes, while increasing the N-domain activity in the II and DD genotypes. However, interestingly, the measurements of N-domain activity after training indicate a greater activity than the other genotypes. These results suggest that the vasodilation in response to AET may be associated with the decrease in total ACE and C-domain activities, regardless of genotype, and that the increase in N-domain activity is dependent on the DD genotype.
CONCLUSIONS
AET differentially affects the ACE C- and N-domain activities, and the N-domain activity is dependent on ACE polymorphism.
引言
先前的研究已将血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）插入（I）/缺失（D）多态性（II、ID和DD）与身体机能联系起来。此外，ACE有两个具有不同功能的催化结构域：NH2（N）和COOH（C），并且已发现它们的活性受ACE多态性的调节。本研究的目的是调查有氧运动训练（AET）与ACE I/D多态性之间的相互作用对人体ACE N结构域和C结构域活性以及血管反应性的影响。
材料与方法
对总共315名预先筛选出的健康男性进行II、ID和DD基因型的基因分型。50人完成了完整的AET（II型，n = 12；ID型，n = 25；DD型，n = 13），在为期四个月的运动方案中，每周进行三次，每次90分钟。评估训练前和训练后静息心率（HR）、峰值耗氧量（VO₂峰值）、平均血压（MBP）、前臂血管传导（FVC）、总循环ACE以及C结构域和N结构域活性。使用单向方差分析和双向重复测量方差分析。
结果
在训练前，三种基因型之间的所有变量相似。在训练后，三种基因型中FVC均有类似程度的增加（35%）。AET使II型、ID型和DD型的VO₂峰值有类似程度的增加（分别为49±2对57±1；48±1对56±3；48±5对58±2 ml/kg/min）。此外，HR和MBP没有变化。与II型相比，DD型在训练前和训练后也具有更高的ACE和C结构域活性。AET使所有基因型的总ACE和C结构域活性有类似程度的降低，而使II型和DD型的N结构域活性增加。然而，有趣的是，训练后N结构域活性的测量结果表明其活性高于其他基因型。这些结果表明，无论基因型如何，AET引起的血管舒张可能与总ACE和C结构域活性的降低有关，并且N结构域活性的增加取决于DD基因型。
结论
AET对ACE C结构域和N结构域活性有不同影响，并且N结构域活性取决于ACE多态性。
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