Futamura Ikumi
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 2017 Feb;87(6):590-9. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.87.15045.
This study examined the influence of prosocial behaviors on evaluations of morality and warmth. There were four patterns of interaction: positive reciprocity (with both cost and benefit), only-cost (with cost but without benefit), negative reciprocity (without either cost or benefit), and only-benefit (with benefit but without cost). Three-hundred-fourteen undergraduate students participated in this study. The participants read an example of interaction and evaluated the actors’ morality and warmth. Results of one-way ANOVA showed that the ratings of morality and warmth differed significantly between the conditions. There was no significant difference of perceived morality between only-cost and positive reciprocity. In contrast, warmth was evaluated higher in only-cost than in positive reciprocity. This suggests that people evaluated morality and warmth differently depending on whether the prosocial behavior was obligatory or optional.
本研究考察了亲社会行为对道德和温暖感评价的影响。存在四种互动模式：积极互惠（有成本也有收益）、仅付出（有成本但无收益）、消极互惠（既无成本也无收益）和仅收益（有收益但无成本）。314名本科生参与了本研究。参与者阅读一个互动示例并评价行为者的道德和温暖感。单因素方差分析结果表明，不同条件下道德和温暖感的评分存在显著差异。仅付出和积极互惠之间在感知道德方面没有显著差异。相比之下，仅付出条件下的温暖感评价高于积极互惠条件。这表明，人们根据亲社会行为是义务性的还是选择性的，对道德和温暖感的评价有所不同。
