Influence of dentin and enamel on the fracture resistance of restorations at several thicknesses.

PURPOSE

To investigate the effect of substrate and thickness on the fracture resistance of bonded dental restorative materials.

METHODS

Cylindrical restorations (d = 4.0 mm) of resin composites Filtek Supreme XTE, Clearfil AP-X, Lava Ultimate and glass-ceramic IPS e.max CAD were fabricated at thicknesses of 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm and 2.0 mm respectively (n = 10 per group) and adhesively bonded to bovine enamel or dentin. The load to failure (LtF in N) of all specimens was determined in a universal testing machine and two one-way ANOVAs with a post hoc LSD tests and separate independent samples t-tests, performed at a significance level of 5%.

RESULTS

At 0.5 and 1.0 mm, direct resin composites bonded to dentin showed a higher LtF than when bonded to enamel, while the indirect materials showed reversed results (P< 0.05). At 2.0 mm there was no difference except for LU. A direct relationship between LtF and increasing thicknesses on enamel was found, while on dentin the LtF of direct resin composite restorations was less dependent on the thickness.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

For restorations up to 1 mm thickness, a substrate with a matching elastic modulus has a positive effect on the fracture resistance of glass-ceramics and resin composite restorations. When bonded to enamel, restoration thickness plays an important role in the fracture resistance. When bonded to dentin, thickness only affects the fracture resistance of indirect restoratives.