Ahmed Ejaz, Karothu Durga Prasad, Naumov Panče
New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2018 Jul 16;57(29):8837-8846. doi: 10.1002/anie.201800137. Epub 2018 May 29.
Mechanically reconfigurable molecular crystals-ordered materials that can adapt to variable operating and environmental conditions by deformation, whereby they attain motility or perform work-are quickly shaping a new research direction in materials science, crystal adaptronics. Properties such as elasticity, superelasticity, and ferroelasticity, which are normally related to inorganic materials, and phenomena such as shape-memory and self-healing effects, which are well-established for soft materials, are increasingly being reported for molecular crystals, yet their mechanism, quantification, and relation to the crystal structure of organic crystals are not immediately apparent. This Minireview provides a condensed topical overview of elastic, superelastic, and ferroelastic molecular crystals, new classes of materials that bridge the gap between soft matter and inorganic materials. The occurrence and detection of these unconventional properties, and the underlying structural features of the related molecular materials are discussed and highlighted with selected prominent recent examples.
机械可重构分子晶体——通过变形能适应可变操作和环境条件从而获得运动性或做功的有序材料——正在迅速塑造材料科学中的一个新研究方向，即晶体自适应电子学。诸如弹性、超弹性和铁弹性等通常与无机材料相关的性质，以及诸如形状记忆和自愈合效应等在软材料中已得到充分证实的现象，越来越多地在分子晶体中被报道，但其机制、量化以及与有机晶体结构的关系并不直观明显。本综述提供了弹性、超弹性和铁弹性分子晶体这一凝聚态主题的概述，这类新型材料填补了软物质和无机材料之间的空白。通过近期精选的突出实例讨论并强调了这些非常规性质的出现与检测，以及相关分子材料的潜在结构特征。
