McQuillan P J, Jackson I J
Department of Anaesthesia, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Anaesthesia. 1987 Dec;42(12):1308-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1987.tb05281.x.
Twenty anaesthetic machines were examined to detect leakage of fresh gas through open Rotameter flow control valves and empty cylinder yokes. Significant leakage was demonstrated in most machines. Any leakage in machines which comply with ISO 5358, where oxygen is the last gas into the common gas manifold, is selective for nitrous oxide and, conversely, it is selective for oxygen in machines where oxygen is the first gas into the common gas manifold. Leakage is augmented by back pressure from ventilators that function as minute volume dividers. In ventilated patients the leakage described may contribute to hypoventilation and patient hypoxia or to pollution of the operating theatre and patient awareness.
检查了20台麻醉机，以检测新鲜气体通过开放的转子流量计流量控制阀和空气瓶轭的泄漏情况。大多数机器都存在明显泄漏。在符合ISO 5358标准的机器中，若氧气是最后进入公共气体歧管的气体，则泄漏对氧化亚氮具有选择性；相反，在氧气是第一个进入公共气体歧管的机器中，泄漏对氧气具有选择性。作为分钟通气量分配器的呼吸机产生的背压会加剧泄漏。在接受通气的患者中，所述泄漏可能导致通气不足和患者缺氧，或导致手术室污染和患者苏醒。
