Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Bureau of Epidemiology and Population Health, Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Epidemiol Infect. 2018 May;146(7):920-930. doi: 10.1017/S0950268818000766. Epub 2018 Apr 11.
Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and viral hepatitis is associated with high morbidity and mortality in the absence of clinical management, making identification of these cases crucial. We examined characteristics of HIV and viral hepatitis coinfections by using surveillance data from 15 US states and two cities. Each jurisdiction used an automated deterministic matching method to link surveillance data for persons with reported acute and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, to persons reported with HIV infection. Of the 504 398 persons living with diagnosed HIV infection at the end of 2014, 2.0% were coinfected with HBV and 6.7% were coinfected with HCV. Of the 269 884 persons ever reported with HBV, 5.2% were reported with HIV. Of the 1 093 050 persons ever reported with HCV, 4.3% were reported with HIV. A greater proportion of persons coinfected with HIV and HBV were males and blacks/African Americans, compared with those with HIV monoinfection. Persons who inject drugs represented a greater proportion of those coinfected with HIV and HCV, compared with those with HIV monoinfection. Matching HIV and viral hepatitis surveillance data highlights epidemiological characteristics of persons coinfected and can be used to routinely monitor health status and guide state and national public health interventions.
HIV 和病毒性肝炎的合并感染会导致发病率和死亡率升高,如果不进行临床治疗,情况会更加严重。因此,及时发现这些病例至关重要。我们利用来自美国 15 个州和两个城市的监测数据,研究了 HIV 和病毒性肝炎合并感染的特征。每个辖区都使用自动确定性匹配方法,将报告的急性和慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)或丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染者的监测数据与报告的 HIV 感染者的数据进行关联。截至 2014 年底,在 504398 名确诊感染 HIV 的人群中,有 2.0%同时感染了 HBV,6.7%同时感染了 HCV。在报告的 269884 例 HBV 感染者中,有 5.2%同时感染了 HIV。在报告的 1093050 例 HCV 感染者中,有 4.3%同时感染了 HIV。与单纯感染 HIV 的人群相比,同时感染 HIV 和 HBV 的人群中男性和黑人/非裔美国人的比例更高。与单纯感染 HIV 的人群相比,同时感染 HIV 和 HCV 的人群中更多的是注射毒品者。HIV 和病毒性肝炎监测数据的匹配突出了合并感染者的流行病学特征,可用于常规监测健康状况并指导州和国家的公共卫生干预措施。