Silva Heglayne Pereira Vital da, Arruda Thaynnan Thómaz Silva, Souza Karla Simone Costa de, Bezerra João Felipe, Leite Gisele Correia Pacheco, Brito Maria Edinilma Felinto de, Lima Valéria Morgiana Gualberto Duarte Moreira, Luchessi André Ducati, Bortolin Raul Hernandes, Ururahy Marcela Abbott Galvão, Rezende Adriana Augusto de
Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil.
Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil.
Braz Oral Res. 2018;32:e24. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0024. Epub 2018 Apr 5.
Considering that environmental risk factors substantially contribute to the etiology of orofacial clefts and that knowledge about the characteristics and comorbidities associated with oral clefts is fundamental to promoting better quality of life, this study aimed to describe the risk factors, main characteristics, and comorbidities of a group of patients with cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P) from Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil. Data were obtained from 173 patients with CL/P using a form from the Brazilian database on Orofacial Clefts. Most patients were male with cleft lip and palate and had a normal size and weight at birth; presented few neonatal intercurrent events; and had anemia and respiratory and cardiovascular diseases as main associated comorbidities. They also required timely surgical rehabilitation and multidisciplinary care to stimulate their neuropsychomotor development. In addition, a high frequency of familial recurrence and of parental consanguinity was evidenced in the studied population, especially for the cleft lip and cleft palate type. Other relevant findings were the considerable maternal exposure to alcohol, infections, smoking, and hypertension, as well as low supplementation with vitamins and minerals and deliberate consumption of analgesics, antibiotics, and antihypertensives during pregnancy. Characterization of the CL/P patient profile is essential for the planning of health services and integration among the health professionals involved in the diagnosis and treatment of these malformations. Our results reinforce the need for additional research to confirm the association between environmental factors and the development of orofacial clefts.
鉴于环境风险因素在口面部裂隙的病因中起重要作用，且了解与口腔裂隙相关的特征和合并症对于提高生活质量至关重要，本研究旨在描述一组来自巴西北里奥格兰德州（RN）的唇裂和/或腭裂（CL/P）患者的风险因素、主要特征和合并症。使用巴西口腔裂隙数据库的表格从173例CL/P患者中获取数据。大多数患者为男性，患有唇腭裂，出生时大小和体重正常；新生儿并发疾病较少；主要合并症为贫血、呼吸道和心血管疾病。他们还需要及时的手术康复和多学科护理以促进其神经心理运动发育。此外，在研究人群中证实了家族复发和父母近亲结婚的高频率，尤其是唇裂和腭裂类型。其他相关发现包括母亲在孕期大量接触酒精、感染、吸烟和高血压，以及维生素和矿物质补充不足，以及故意服用镇痛药、抗生素和抗高血压药。CL/P患者概况的特征对于规划卫生服务以及参与这些畸形诊断和治疗的卫生专业人员之间的整合至关重要。我们的结果强化了进行更多研究以证实环境因素与口面部裂隙发育之间关联的必要性。
