Fernandes Carina, Gonçalves Ana Ribeiro, Pasion Rita, Ferreira-Santos Fernando, Paiva Tiago Oliveira, Melo E Castro Joana, Barbosa Fernando, Martins Isabel Pavão, Marques-Teixeira João
Laboratório de Neuropsicofisiologia, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
Trends Psychiatry Psychother. 2018 Apr 5;40(1):38-46. doi: 10.1590/2237-6089-2017-0022. Print 2018 Mar.
Objective To adapt and validate a widely used set of moral dilemmas to European Portuguese, which can be applied to assess decision-making. Moreover, the classical formulation of the dilemmas was compared with a more focused moral probe. Finally, a shorter version of the moral scenarios was tested. Methods The Portuguese version of the set of moral dilemmas was tested in 53 individuals from several regions of Portugal. In a second study, an alternative way of questioning on moral dilemmas was tested in 41 participants. Finally, the shorter version of the moral dilemmas was tested in 137 individuals. Results Results evidenced no significant differences between English and Portuguese versions. Also, asking whether actions are "morally acceptable" elicited less utilitarian responses than the original question, although without reaching statistical significance. Finally, all tested versions of moral dilemmas exhibited the same pattern of responses, suggesting that the fundamental elements to the moral decision-making were preserved. Conclusions We found evidence of cross-cultural validity for moral dilemmas. However, the moral focus might affect utilitarian/deontological judgments.
对一套广泛使用的道德困境进行改编并验证其在欧洲葡萄牙语中的适用性，以用于评估决策。此外，将困境的经典表述与更具针对性的道德探究进行比较。最后，测试道德情景的较短版本。方法：在来自葡萄牙多个地区的53个人中测试了这套道德困境的葡萄牙语版本。在第二项研究中，对41名参与者测试了一种关于道德困境的替代提问方式。最后，在137个人中测试了道德困境的较短版本。结果：结果表明英语和葡萄牙语版本之间没有显著差异。此外，询问行为是否“道德上可接受”比原始问题引发的功利主义反应更少，尽管未达到统计学意义。最后，所有测试版本的道德困境都表现出相同的反应模式，表明道德决策的基本要素得以保留。结论：我们发现了道德困境具有跨文化有效性的证据。然而，道德焦点可能会影响功利主义/道义论判断。
