Ishimaru Tomohiro, Wada Koji, Huong Hoang Thi Xuan, Anh Bui Thi My, Hung Nguyen Dinh, Hung Le, Smith Derek R
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2017 Mar;48(2):376-85.
Stigma and discrimination experienced by nurses infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), or hepatitis C virus (HCV) potentially undermine their positions. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with nurses’ attitudes towards accepting co-workers with HIV, HBV, or HCV. The study design was descriptive and cross-sectional. Four hundred Vietnamese nurses participated in this study using stratified random sampling at two public hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam. A self-administrated questionnaire was used to obtain data. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression was performed to analyze data. Nine percent of nurses had experienced a needle-stick or sharps injury (NSI) from a patient infected with HIV, and 15.8% of respondents reported having a previous NSI from a patient infected with HBV or HCV. Some nurses reported that they could not accept contact between patients and nurses infected with HIV (25.2%) and HBV or HCV (12.7%). Older age and a belief that colleagues should disclose their infection status were associated with positive attitudes towards HIV-, HBV-, or HCV-positive colleagues. Fear of transmission was associated with negative attitudes towards HIV-positive co-workers. Infected employees disclosure of their status may help their colleagues to be more accepting by providing appropriate workplace adjustments for infected employees. HIV is generally a more stigmatized infection, and therefore attitudes towards HIV-positive co-workers might be affected by fear of transmission. Providing education to recognize infectious risk may be effective in improving nurses’ attitudes in Vietnam, as elsewhere.
感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）或丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的护士所遭受的耻辱和歧视可能会削弱她们的工作地位。本研究的目的是确定与护士对接受感染HIV、HBV或HCV的同事的态度相关的因素。研究设计为描述性横断面研究。400名越南护士通过分层随机抽样参与了这项在越南河内的两家公立医院进行的研究。使用自填式问卷获取数据。进行描述性统计和多变量逻辑回归分析数据。9%的护士曾经历过被感染HIV的患者针刺或锐器伤（NSI），15.8%的受访者报告曾有过被感染HBV或HCV的患者造成的NSI。一些护士报告说他们不能接受患者与感染HIV（25.2%）以及HBV或HCV（12.7%）的护士接触。年龄较大以及认为同事应该披露其感染状况与对HIV、HBV或HCV阳性同事的积极态度相关。对传播的恐惧与对HIV阳性同事的消极态度相关。受感染员工披露其状况可能有助于同事通过为受感染员工提供适当的工作场所调整而更能接受他们。HIV通常是一种更受污名化的感染，因此对HIV阳性同事的态度可能会受到对传播的恐惧的影响。与其他地方一样，提供认识感染风险的教育可能有效地改善越南护士的态度。
