Bürge Markus, Bieri Gabriela, Brühlmeier Matthias, Colombo Françoise, Demonet Jean-Francois, Felbecker Ansgar, Georgescu Dan, Gietl Anton, Brioschi Guevara Andrea, Jüngling Freimut, Kirsch Eberhard, Kressig Reto W, Kulic Luka, Monsch Andreas U, Ott Martin, Pihan Hans, Popp Julius, Rampa Luca, Rüegger-Frey Brigitte, Schneitter Marianne, Unschuld Paul Gerson, von Gunten Armin, Weinheimer Birte, Wiest Roland, Savaskan Egemen
1 Swiss Memory Clinics.
2 Schweizerische Fachgesellschaft für Geriatrie.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 2018 Apr;107(8):435-451. doi: 10.1024/1661-8157/a002948.
The early diagnosis of subjectively perceived or externally anamnestically observed cognitive impairments is essential for proving neurodegenerative diseases or excluding treatable causes such as internal, neurological or psychiatric disorders. Only in this way is early treatment made possible. As part of the project 3.1 of the National Dementia Strategy 2014–2019 («Development and expansion of regional and networked centres of competence for diagnostics»), the association Swiss Memory Clinics (SMC) set itself the goal of developing quality standards for dementia clarification and improving the community-based care in this field. In these recommendations, general guidelines of diagnostics and individual examination possibilities are presented, and standards for the related processes are suggested. Individual areas such as anamnesis, clinical examination, laboratory examination, neuropsychological testing and neuroradiological procedures are discussed in detail as part of standard diagnostics, and supplementary examination methods for differential diagnosis considerations are portrayed. The most important goals of the SMC recommendations for the diagnosis of dementia are to give all those affected access to high-quality diagnostics, if possible, to improve early diagnosis of dementia and to offer the basic service providers and the employees of Memory Clinics a useful instrument for the clarification.
主观察觉到或通过外部问诊观察到的认知障碍的早期诊断，对于确诊神经退行性疾病或排除可治疗病因（如内科、神经科或精神科疾病）至关重要。只有这样才能实现早期治疗。作为2014 - 2019年国家痴呆症战略项目3.1（“发展和扩大区域及网络化诊断能力中心”）的一部分，瑞士记忆诊所协会（SMC）设定了为痴呆症诊断制定质量标准并改善该领域社区护理的目标。在这些建议中，介绍了诊断的一般指南和个体检查可能性，并提出了相关流程的标准。作为标准诊断的一部分，详细讨论了诸如问诊、临床检查、实验室检查、神经心理学测试和神经放射学程序等各个领域，并描述了用于鉴别诊断考虑的补充检查方法。SMC痴呆症诊断建议的最重要目标是尽可能让所有患者都能获得高质量诊断，改善痴呆症的早期诊断，并为基础服务提供者和记忆诊所的员工提供一种有用的诊断工具。
