Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, UMR-CNRS 7205, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.
Laboratoire Biologie Intégrative des Populations, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
Sci Rep. 2018 Apr 11;8(1):5855. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24034-6.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) exhibits a structured phylogeographic distribution worldwide linked with human migrations. We sought to infer how the interactions between distinct human populations shape the global population structure of Mtb on a regional scale. We applied the recently described timescaled haplotypic density (THD) technique on 638 minisatellite-based Mtb genotypes from French tuberculosis patients. THD with a long-term (200 y) timescale indicated that Mtb population in France had been mostly influenced by interactions with Eastern and Southern Europe and, to a lesser extent, Northern and Middle Africa, consistent with historical migrations favored by geographic proximity or commercial exchanges with former French colonies. Restricting the timescale to 20 y, THD identified a sustained influence of Northern Africa, but not Europe where tuberculosis incidence decreased sharply. Evolving interactions between human populations, thus, measurably influence the local population structure of Mtb. Relevant information on such interactions can be inferred using THD from Mtb genotypes.
结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）在全球范围内表现出与人类迁移相关的结构化系统地理分布。我们试图推断不同人群之间的相互作用如何在区域尺度上塑造 Mtb 的全球种群结构。我们在来自法国结核病患者的 638 个基于短串联重复序列的 Mtb 基因型上应用了最近描述的时间尺度单倍型密度（THD）技术。具有长期（200 年）时间尺度的 THD 表明，法国的 Mtb 种群主要受到与东欧和南欧以及与北非和中东的相互作用的影响，这与历史上由地理接近或与前法国殖民地的商业交流促成的迁移一致。将时间尺度限制为 20 年，THD 确定了北非的持续影响，但欧洲的影响不大，欧洲的结核病发病率急剧下降。因此，人类种群之间不断发展的相互作用对 Mtb 的当地种群结构产生了可衡量的影响。可以使用来自 Mtb 基因型的 THD 推断出有关这种相互作用的相关信息。
