Howells G
J R Coll Gen Pract. 1986 Oct;36(291):449-53.
This paper reports on the apparent inadequate level of primary medical care provided to many of the 151 mentally handicapped people who attend an adult training centre. A large number of common medical problems were identified that were not known to the general practitioners and/or were not being managed, including problems known to be associated with Down's syndrome. Many trainees were further handicapped by unmanaged defects of hearing and vision. Contact rates with the general practitioner showed that the mentally handicapped adults did not place a greater burden on the doctor than the rest of the population. Comparing these rates with those for other vulnerable groups such as those aged over 75 years and under four years showed that only 28% of the trainees had an adequate consultation rate with the general practitioner.A lack of awareness among general practitioners of the special needs of this group is thought to be in part responsible but the major factor is the inherent problem of communication which exists almost universally in people who suffer from mental handicap. Ways of improving the situation are discussed with an emphasis on the need for a change in our attitudes towards mentally handicapped people. Reference is made to the desirability of increasing the cooperation between primary care and community mental handicap teams and the increasing importance of voluntary organizations.
本文报告了为151名在成人培训中心接受培训的智力障碍者中的许多人提供的初级医疗护理水平明显不足的情况。发现了大量全科医生不了解和/或未进行处理的常见医疗问题,包括与唐氏综合征相关的问题。许多学员还因未得到处理的听力和视力缺陷而进一步受限。与全科医生的联系率表明,成年智力障碍者给医生带来的负担并不比其他人群更重。将这些比率与其他弱势群体(如75岁以上和4岁以下人群)的比率进行比较发现,只有28%的学员与全科医生有足够的会诊率。全科医生对该群体特殊需求的认识不足被认为是部分原因,但主要因素是智力障碍者几乎普遍存在的内在沟通问题。文中讨论了改善这种情况的方法,强调需要改变我们对智力障碍者的态度。文中提到了加强初级保健与社区智力障碍团队之间合作的可取性以及志愿组织日益重要的作用。