Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Rostock Medical Breath Research Analytics and Technologies (ROMBAT), University Medicine Rostock, Schillingallee 35, D-18057 Rostock, Germany.
J Breath Res. 2018 May 14;12(3):036014. doi: 10.1088/1752-7163/aabdaf.
The analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath allows non-invasive investigations of diseases. Animal studies are conducted as a model to perform research of VOCs and their relation to diseases. In large animal models ruminants were often used as experimental targets. The effect of their physiological eructation on VOC exhalation has not been examined yet and is the objective of this study.
Continuous breath profiles of two young cattle, four adult goats and four adult sheep were measured through a mask, covering mouth and nose, in real-time (200 ms) by means of proton transfer reaction time of flight mass spectrometry. Each animal was analysed twelve times for 3 consecutive minutes.
Real-time monitoring yielded a distinction of different episodes in the breath profiles of ruminants. An algorithm to separate eructation episodes and alveolar breath was established. In the first exhalation after eructation at least 19 VOC concentrations increased (up to 36-fold) and went back to initial levels in subsequent exhalations in all investigated ruminants. Decay of concentrations was substance specific. In goats, less VOCs were affected by the eructation compared to cattle and sheep. Breath profiles without exclusion of eructation episodes showed higher variations and median values than profiles where eructation episodes were excluded.
Real-time breath analysis of ruminants enables the discrimination and characterisation of alveolar breath and eructation episodes. This leads to a better understanding of variation in breath data and possible origins of VOCs: breath or digestion related. To avoid impairment of breath gas results and to gain further information on bacterial products from the rumen, eructation and alveolar breath data should be analysed separately.
分析挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）在呼吸允许非侵入性调查疾病。动物研究进行了模型进行研究的挥发性有机化合物及其与疾病的关系。在大型动物模型反刍动物通常被用作实验目标。他们的生理呃逆对呼气中挥发性有机化合物的影响尚未被检验，是本研究的目的。
连续呼吸谱的两个年轻牛，四成年山羊和四成年绵羊通过一个面具，覆盖口和鼻，实时（200 毫秒）质子转移反应飞行时间质谱法。每只动物进行了十二次分析，连续 3 分钟。
实时监测产生不同的情节在反刍动物的呼吸谱的区别。算法来分离呃逆发作和肺泡呼吸建立。在第一次呼气呃逆后，至少 19 种挥发性有机化合物浓度增加（高达 36 倍），并在随后的呼气中回到初始水平在所有调查的反刍动物。浓度的衰减是物质特异性的。在山羊中，与牛和绵羊相比，较少的挥发性有机化合物受到呃逆的影响。没有排除呃逆发作的呼吸谱显示出更高的变化和中位数值比排除呃逆发作的谱。
实时呼吸分析反刍动物能够区分和肺泡呼吸和呃逆发作的特点。这导致更好地了解呼吸数据的变化和挥发性有机化合物的可能来源：呼吸或消化相关。为了避免呼吸气体结果的损害，并获得进一步的信息对细菌产物从瘤胃，呃逆和肺泡呼吸数据应分别进行分析。
