诱导系统抗性防治柑橘溃疡病的根际细菌。
Induced Systemic Resistance Against Citrus Canker Disease by Rhizobacteria.
机构信息
First, second, third, and fourth authors: Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Lake Alfred; fifth author: Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Lake Alfred; and sixth author: China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory (A joint laboratory of The University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences and Gannan Normal University), National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China; Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Lake Alfred.
出版信息
Phytopathology. 2018 Sep;108(9):1038-1045. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-07-17-0244-R. Epub 2018 Jul 5.
Citrus canker, caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, is an important citrus disease that causes significant economic losses worldwide. All commercial citrus varieties are susceptible to citrus canker. Currently, chemical control with copper based products is the main approach to control X. citri subsp. citri dispersal and plant colonization. However, extensive use of copper compounds can result in copper-resistant strains and cause adverse effects on the environment. Alternatives to chemical control involve the activation of citrus immunity to control the disease. Here, we investigated the ability of multiple rhizobacteria to induce a systemic defense response in cultivar Duncan grapefruit. Burkholderia territorii strain A63, Burkholderia metallica strain A53, and Pseudomonas geniculata strain 95 were found to effectively activate plant defense and significantly reduce symptom development in leaves challenged with X. citri subsp. citri. In the priming phase, root application of P. geniculata induced the expression of salicylic acid (SA)-signaling pathway marker genes (PR1, PR2, PR5, and salicylic acid carboxyl methyltransferase [SAM-SACM]). Gene expression analyses after X. citri subsp. citri challenge showed that root inoculation with P. geniculata strain 95 increased the relative levels of phenylalanine ammonia lyase 1 and SAM-SACM, two genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway as well as the biosynthesis of SA and methyl salicylate (MeSA), respectively. However, hormone analyses by UPLC-MS/MS showed no significant difference between SA in P. geniculata-treated plants and control plants at 8 days post-beneficial bacteria root inoculation. Moreover, P. geniculata root-treated plants contained higher reactive oxygen species levels in aerial tissues than control plants 8 days post-treatment application. This study demonstrates that rhizobacteria can modulate citrus immunity resulting in a systemic defense response against X. citri subsp. citri under greenhouse conditions.
柑橘溃疡病由柑橘溃疡病菌（Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri）引起，是一种重要的柑橘病害，在全球范围内造成了重大的经济损失。所有商业柑橘品种均易感染柑橘溃疡病。目前，使用铜基产品进行化学防治是控制 X. citri subsp. citri 扩散和植物定植的主要方法。然而，铜化合物的广泛使用可能导致铜抗性菌株的出现，并对环境造成不利影响。化学防治的替代方法涉及激活柑橘免疫力来控制病害。在这里，我们研究了多种根际细菌诱导邓肯葡萄柚品种系统防御反应的能力。发现 Burkholderia territorii 菌株 A63、Burkholderia metallica 菌株 A53 和 Pseudomonas geniculata 菌株 95 能够有效激活植物防御，显著减少叶片中柑橘溃疡病菌的症状发展。在启动阶段，根施 P. geniculata 诱导水杨酸（SA）信号通路标记基因（PR1、PR2、PR5 和水杨酸羧甲基转移酶[SAM-SACM]）的表达。柑橘溃疡病菌接种后基因表达分析表明，根施 P. geniculata 菌株 95 增加了苯丙氨酸解氨酶 1 和 SAM-SACM 的相对水平，这两个基因分别参与苯丙烷途径和 SA 以及甲基水杨酸（MeSA）的生物合成。然而，通过 UPLC-MS/MS 进行的激素分析显示，在根施有益细菌 8 天后，P. geniculata 处理植物和对照植物中的 SA 没有显著差异。此外，根施 P. geniculata 的植物在处理后 8 天空中组织中的活性氧水平高于对照植物。本研究表明，根际细菌可以调节柑橘免疫力，在温室条件下导致针对柑橘溃疡病菌的系统防御反应。
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