Irwin Amy, Poots Jill
a Industrial Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology , University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen , Scotland.
J Agromedicine. 2018;23(2):154-165. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2017.1423000.
Tractors are a source of injury and fatality in agriculture. Despite this farmers continue to engage in risk-taking behaviors, including operating tractors without appropriate equipment. In order to change behaviors and attitudes toward safety, it is important to understand how farmers approach different types of risk relevant to tractor use. The current study used a qualitative approach to investigate farmer perception of four types of tractor-based risk related to self, equipment, lack of safety features, and environment.
A sample of 148 farmers from the United Kingdom and Ireland was recruited from farming forums to take part in an online scenario-based qualitative study. Participants were presented with 12 tractor-based scenarios, three from each category of risk, and asked to indicate if they would proceed to use the tractor (go) or not (no-go), then report their reasoning. Thematic analysis was used to identify data patterns.
Farmers appeared to assess the consequences of risk in broader terms than the risk of injury to themselves; they also evaluated risk in terms of potential costs (e.g., repair bill) and losses (e.g., delay). Analysis indicated that financial risk was considered with more caution than personal risk in many cases. Farmers also considered usability, such as the functionality of tractor seat belts, indicating the importance of ensuring all safety equipment is fit for purpose.
The management of agricultural risk should consider farmer priorities (such as financial costs) in order to develop effective messaging that focuses on those priorities, with the aim of reducing risk-taking behaviors.
拖拉机是农业领域受伤和致死的一个源头。尽管如此，农民们仍继续从事冒险行为，包括在没有适当设备的情况下操作拖拉机。为了改变对安全的行为和态度，了解农民如何应对与拖拉机使用相关的不同类型风险很重要。当前的研究采用定性方法来调查农民对与自身、设备、缺乏安全特性以及环境相关的四种基于拖拉机的风险的认知。
从英国和爱尔兰的农业论坛招募了148名农民作为样本，参与一项基于在线情景的定性研究。向参与者展示了12个基于拖拉机的情景，每种风险类别各有3个，并要求他们指出是否会继续使用拖拉机（继续）或不使用（不继续），然后报告他们的理由。采用主题分析法来识别数据模式。
农民似乎从比自身受伤风险更广泛的角度评估风险后果；他们还从潜在成本（如维修账单）和损失（如延误）方面评估风险。分析表明，在许多情况下，财务风险比个人风险受到更谨慎的考虑。农民还考虑了可用性，比如拖拉机安全带的功能，这表明确保所有安全设备都符合用途的重要性。
农业风险管理应考虑农民的优先事项（如财务成本），以便制定关注这些优先事项的有效信息，旨在减少冒险行为。
