a Applied Psychology and Human Factors Group, School of Psychology , University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen , UK.
J Agromedicine. 2019 Jul;24(3):288-297. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2019.1604279. Epub 2019 Apr 18.
: Situation awareness has been identified as a key skill in maintaining safety in high-risk, dynamic industries. However, there is a lack of research evaluating situation awareness requirements and error types in agricultural operators. The aim of this study was to explore situation awareness among farmers in the United Kingdom (UK) when operating heavy agricultural machinery. : The study used an online qualitative survey to collect data in three main areas: situation awareness requirements, factors impacting situation awareness, and the safety context for UK farmers. A total of 57 farmers completed the survey, responding to seven open-ended questions. Data were analyzed using directed content analysis. : The results indicate the importance of situation awareness for safe and efficient work practice in farming. Situation awareness requirements span the machinery system, including awareness of internal cab systems and the status of implements attached to the external machine. Farmers needed to map and monitor the surrounding conditions in addition to considering personal requirements. Data also indicated the impact of a range of factors, including system-based elements such as blind spots, individual factors such as level of fatigue, and issues related to a lack of knowledge and failure to think ahead on the maintenance of situation awareness. : This research highlights the situation awareness requirements for operating agricultural machinery in complex and dynamic environments. By taking a human factors approach, utilizing design and practical interventions, it may be possible to both support and enhance farmer situation awareness and, therefore, reduce errors and adverse incidents.
情境意识已被确定为维持高风险、动态行业安全的关键技能。然而，在评估农业操作人员的情境意识要求和错误类型方面的研究还很缺乏。本研究旨在探讨英国（UK）农民在操作重型农用机械时的情境意识。
情境意识要求、影响情境意识的因素以及英国农民的安全背景。共有 57 名农民完成了调查，对七个开放式问题做出了回应。数据采用有针对性的内容分析进行分析。
结果表明，情境意识对农业安全高效工作实践至关重要。情境意识要求涵盖了机器系统，包括对内部驾驶室系统和外部机器上附加的农具的状态的意识。农民除了要考虑个人需求外，还需要映射和监控周围环境。数据还表明，一系列因素的影响，包括盲点等基于系统的因素、疲劳程度等个体因素，以及缺乏知识和未能提前思考等与维持情境意识相关的问题。
本研究强调了在复杂和动态环境中操作农用机械的情境意识要求。通过采用人为因素方法，利用设计和实际干预措施，有可能支持和增强农民的情境意识，从而减少错误和不良事件。
