Neuroscience Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, CHUL, Quebec City, G1V 4G2, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, G1K 7P4, Canada.
Neuroscience Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, CHUL, Quebec City, G1V 4G2, Canada.
Neuropharmacology. 2019 Mar 15;147:37-54. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.04.005. Epub 2018 Apr 9.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder for which a greater prevalence and incidence is described in men. This suggests a protective effect of sex hormones in the brain. Therefore, steroids and drugs to treat endocrine conditions could have additional application for PD. Here, we review the protective effect of sex hormones, particularly estrogens, progesterone, androgens and dehydroepiandrosterone, in animal models of PD and also in human studies. Data also support that drugs affecting estrogen neurotransmission such as selective estrogen receptor modulators or affecting steroid metabolism with 5α-reductase inhibitors could be repositioned for treatment of PD. Sex steroids are also modulator of neurotransmission, thus they could repurposed to treat PD motor symptoms and to modulate the response to PD medication. No drug is yet available to limit PD progression. PD is a complex disease implicating multiple pathological processes and a therapeutic strategy using drugs with several mechanisms of action, such as sex steroids and endocrine drugs are interesting repositioning options for symptomatic treatment and disease-modifying activity for PD. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Drug Repurposing: old molecules, new ways to fast track drug discovery and development for CNS disorders'.
帕金森病（PD）是一种神经退行性疾病，男性的患病率和发病率更高。这表明大脑中的性激素具有保护作用。因此，类固醇和治疗内分泌疾病的药物可能对 PD 有额外的应用。在这里，我们回顾了性激素（特别是雌激素、孕激素、雄激素和脱氢表雄酮）在 PD 动物模型中的保护作用，以及在人类研究中的作用。数据还支持，影响雌激素神经递质传递的药物，如选择性雌激素受体调节剂，或影响类固醇代谢的 5α-还原酶抑制剂，可以重新用于治疗 PD。性激素也是神经递质的调节剂，因此它们可以被重新用于治疗 PD 的运动症状，并调节对 PD 药物的反应。目前还没有药物可以限制 PD 的进展。PD 是一种复杂的疾病，涉及多种病理过程，使用具有多种作用机制的药物（如性激素和内分泌药物）的治疗策略是一种有前途的治疗方法，可用于治疗 PD 的症状和疾病修饰活性。本文是题为“药物再利用：旧分子，快速发现和开发 CNS 疾病新药的新途径”的特刊的一部分。
