Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden; Industrial Doctoral School, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alicante, P.O. 99, Alicante, Spain.
Chemosphere. 2018 Jul;203:506-513. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.203. Epub 2018 Apr 4.
Four different types of fuel blends containing demolition and construction wood and household waste were combusted in a small-scale experimental set-up to study the effect of fuel composition on the emissions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), biphenyls (PCBs), chlorobenzenes (PCBzs), chlorophenols (PCPhs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Two woody materials, commercial stemwood (ST) and demolition and construction wood (DC) were selected because of the differences in their persistent organic pollutants (POPs), ash and metals content. For household waste, we used a municipal solid waste (MSW) and a refuse-derived fuel (RDF) from MSW with 5-20 wt% and up to 5 wt% food waste content respectively. No clear effect on the formation of pollutants was observed with different food waste content in the fuel blends tested. Combustion of ST-based fuels was very inefficient which led to high PAH emissions (32 ± 3.8 mg/kg). The use of DC clearly increased the total PCDD and PCDF emissions (71 ± 26 μg/kg) and had a clear effect on the formation of toxic congeners (210 ± 87 ng WHO-TEQ/kg). The high PCDD and PCDF emissions from DC-based fuels can be attributed to the presence of material contaminants such as small pieces of metals or plastics as well as timber treated with chromated copper arsenate preservatives and pentachlorophenol in the DC source.
四种不同类型的燃料混合物，包含拆除和建筑木材以及家庭废物，在小型实验装置中进行燃烧，以研究燃料成分对多氯二苯并对二恶英（PCDDs）、二苯并呋喃（PCDFs）、联苯（PCBs）、氯苯（PCBzs）、氯酚（PCPhs）和多环芳烃（PAHs）排放的影响。选择两种木质材料，商用原木（ST）和拆除和建筑木材（DC），是因为它们在持久性有机污染物（POPs）、灰分和金属含量方面存在差异。对于家庭废物，我们使用城市固体废物（MSW）和来自 MSW 的垃圾衍生燃料（RDF），其食物废物含量分别为 5-20 wt%和高达 5 wt%。在测试的燃料混合物中，食物废物含量的不同对污染物的形成没有明显影响。基于 ST 的燃料的燃烧效率非常低，导致高 PAH 排放（32±3.8mg/kg）。使用 DC 明显增加了总 PCDD 和 PCDF 排放（71±26μg/kg），并对有毒同系物的形成有明显影响（210±87ng WHO-TEQ/kg）。基于 DC 的燃料的高 PCDD 和 PCDF 排放可归因于存在材料污染物，如小块金属或塑料，以及 DC 来源中用铬酸铜砷酸盐防腐剂和五氯苯酚处理的木材。
