Yoshizaki Goro, Lee Seungki
Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 404-708, Republic of Korea.
Stem Cell Res. 2018 May;29:103-110. doi: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.03.015. Epub 2018 Apr 3.
The conservation of endangered fish is an urgent issue. Although cryo-banking of fish gametes might ultimately help conserve endangered fish, cryopreservation of fish eggs or embryos is still not possible due to their large size and high yolk content. Therefore, as an alternative, we focused on undifferentiated germ cells, such as primordial germ cells, spermatogonia, and oogonia, as materials for cryopreservation. Transplantation of cryopreserved germ cells into the body cavity of allogeneic or xenogeneic recipients sterilized by triploidization or endogenous germ cell ablation resulted in migration of the transplanted germ cells toward the recipient genital ridges, where they were eventually incorporated. The donor-derived germ cells initiated either spermatogenesis or oogenesis in the recipient gonads, depending on the sex of the recipient. Furthermore, by mating the male and female recipients, viable offspring derived from the frozen germ cells were produced. Although this technology was established using salmonid fish, we found that it is applicable to a wide range of fish species. Thus, this method might represent a "silver bullet" for preserving the valuable genetic resources of endangered fish species.
濒危鱼类的保护是一个紧迫的问题。尽管鱼类配子的低温保存最终可能有助于保护濒危鱼类，但由于鱼卵或胚胎体积大、卵黄含量高，其冷冻保存仍然无法实现。因此，作为一种替代方法，我们将重点放在未分化的生殖细胞上，如原始生殖细胞、精原细胞和卵原细胞，作为冷冻保存的材料。将冷冻保存的生殖细胞移植到通过三倍体化或内源性生殖细胞消融而绝育的同种异体或异种受体的体腔中，会导致移植的生殖细胞向受体生殖嵴迁移，并最终在那里整合。供体来源的生殖细胞根据受体的性别在受体性腺中启动精子发生或卵子发生。此外，通过使雄性和雌性受体交配，产生了源自冷冻生殖细胞的有活力的后代。尽管这项技术是利用鲑科鱼类建立的，但我们发现它适用于广泛的鱼类物种。因此，这种方法可能是保护濒危鱼类宝贵遗传资源的“万灵药”。
